Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2012 Aug;14(4):721-6. doi: 10.1007/s10903-011-9549-3.
Self-reported hypertension is frequently used for health surveillance. However, little is known about the validity of self-reported hypertension among older Americans by nativity status. This study compared self-reported and measured hypertension among older black, white, and Hispanic Americans by nativity using the 2006 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 13,451). Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported hypertension were calculated using the Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure definition. Sensitivity was high among older blacks (88.9%), whites (82.8%), and Hispanics (84.0%), and both foreign-born (83.2%) and US-born (84.0%). Specificity was above 90% for both US-born and foreign-born, but higher for whites (92.8%) than blacks (86.0%). Despite the potential vulnerability of older foreign-born Americans, self-reported hypertension may be considered a reasonable estimate of hypertension status. Future research should confirm these findings in samples with a larger and more ethnically diverse foreign-born population.
自我报告的高血压常用于健康监测。然而，对于不同出生背景的美国老年人中自我报告的高血压的准确性知之甚少。本研究使用 2006 年和 2008 年健康与退休研究的数据（n=13451），比较了不同出生背景的老年黑种人、白种人和西班牙裔美国人中自我报告和测量的高血压。使用第七次联合国家委员会预防、检测、评估和治疗高血压报告的定义来计算自我报告高血压的敏感性和特异性。自我报告高血压的敏感性在老年黑种人（88.9%）、白种人（82.8%）和西班牙裔（84.0%）中均较高，且外国出生（83.2%）和美国出生（84.0%）的人群中均较高。美国出生和外国出生的人群特异性均高于 90%，但白种人（92.8%）高于黑种人（86.0%）。尽管老年外国出生的美国人可能存在潜在的脆弱性，但自我报告的高血压可能被认为是高血压状况的合理估计。未来的研究应在具有更大和更多族裔多样性的外国出生人群的样本中证实这些发现。
