a Kewalo Marine Laboratory , University of Hawaii , 41 Ahui St. , Honolulu , HI , 96813 , USA.
Biofouling. 2000;15(1-3):95-107. doi: 10.1080/08927010009386301.
An antifouling or foul-release coating cannot be globally effective if it does not perform well in a range of environmental conditions, against a diversity of fouling organisms. From 1996 to 1998, the field test sites participating in the United States Navy's Office of Naval Research 6.2 Biofouling program examined global variation in the performance of 3 silicone foul-release coatings, viz. GE RTV11, Dow Corning RTV 3140, and Intersleek (International Coatings Ltd), together with a control anticorrosive coating (Ameron Protective Coatings F-150 series). At the University of Hawaii's test site in Pearl Harbor, significant differences were observed among the coatings in the rate of accumulation of fouling. The control coating failed rapidly; after 180-220 d immersion a community dominated by molluscs and sponges developed that persisted for the remainder of the experiment. Fouling of the GE and Dow Corning silicone coatings was slower, but eventually reached a similar community structure and coverage as the control coatings. The Intersleek coating remained lightly fouled throughout the experiment. Spatial variation in the structure of the community fouling the coatings was observed, but not in the extent of fouling. The rate of accumulation of fouling reflected differences among the coatings in adhesion of the tubeworm Hydroides elegans. The surface properties of these coatings may have affected the rate of fouling and the structure of the fouling community through their influence on larval settlement and subsequent interactions with other residents, predators, and the physical environment.
如果防污或防污释放涂层在各种环境条件下对各种污损生物的表现不佳，那么它就不可能在全球范围内有效。1996 年至 1998 年，参与美国海军研究办公室 6.2 生物污损计划的现场测试站点检验了 3 种硅酮防污释放涂层（即 GE RTV11、道康宁 RTV 3140 和 Intersleek（国际涂料有限公司））和一种对照防腐涂层（Ameron 防护涂料 F-150 系列）在全球性能变化。在夏威夷大学珍珠港测试站点，观察到涂层在污损积累率方面存在显著差异。对照涂层迅速失效；浸泡 180-220 天后，形成了一个以软体动物和海绵为主的群落，在实验的其余时间里一直存在。GE 和道康宁硅酮涂层的污损较慢，但最终达到了与对照涂层相似的群落结构和覆盖率。Intersleek 涂层在整个实验过程中保持轻度污损。观察到污损涂层群落结构的空间变化，但污损程度没有变化。污损的积累速度反映了涂层对管虫 Hydroides elegans 附着力的差异。这些涂层的表面特性可能通过影响幼虫定殖以及随后与其他居民、捕食者和物理环境的相互作用，影响污损速度和污损群落的结构。
