Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida, USA.
Biofouling. 2011 Oct;27(9):955-65. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2011.618268.
Diatoms are primary colonizers of both antifouling and fouling-release ship hull coatings. There are few published studies which report on diatom community development on modern ship hull coatings. This study reports diatom communities on eight commercial marine ship hull coatings exposed at three static immersion sites along the east coast of Florida, viz. Daytona, Sebastian, and Miami. The coatings tested were three ablative copper systems (Ameron ABC-3, International BRA-640, and Hempel Olympic 76600), two copper-free biocidal systems (E-Paint SN-1, Sherwin Williams HMF), and three fouling-release (FR) systems (International Intersleek 700, International Intersleek 900, and Hempel Hempasil). One hundred and twenty-seven species comprising 44 genera were identified, including some of the more commonly known foulers, viz. Achnanthes, Amphora, Cocconeis, Entomoneis, Licmophora, Melosira, Navicula, Nitzschia, Synedra, and Toxarium. A significant difference was seen among sites, with the more estuarine site, Sebastian, having lower overall diatom abundance and higher diversity than Daytona and Miami. Copper coatings were primarily fouled by Amphora delicatissima and Entomoneis pseudoduplex. Copper-free coatings were fouled by Cyclophora tenuis, A. delicatissima, Achnanthes manifera, and Amphora bigibba. FR surfaces were typified by C. tenuis, and several species of Amphora. The presence of C. tenuis is new to the biofouling literature, but as new coatings are developed, this diatom may be one of many that prove to be problematic for static immersion. Results show coatings can be significantly influenced by geographical area, highlighting the need to test ship hull coatings in locations similar to where they will be utilized.
硅藻是防污和自释放船壳涂层的主要定植生物。很少有发表的研究报告现代船壳涂层上硅藻群落的发展。本研究报告了佛罗里达州东海岸三个静态浸泡点暴露的八种商业船舶船壳涂层上的硅藻群落，即代托纳、塞巴斯蒂安和迈阿密。测试的涂层有三种烧蚀型铜系统（Ameron ABC-3、International BRA-640 和 Hempel Olympic 76600）、两种无铜杀菌系统（E-Paint SN-1、Sherwin Williams HMF）和三种自释放（FR）系统（International Intersleek 700、International Intersleek 900 和 Hempel Hempasil）。共鉴定出 127 种，包括 44 属，其中一些是较常见的污损生物，如 Achnanthes、Amphora、Cocconeis、Entomoneis、Licmophora、Melosira、Navicula、Nitzschia、Synedra 和 Toxarium。不同地点之间存在显著差异，较河口的塞巴斯蒂安地点的硅藻总丰度较低，多样性较高，而代托纳和迈阿密的硅藻总丰度较高。铜涂层主要被 Amphora delicatissima 和 Entomoneis pseudoduplex 污损。无铜涂层被 Cyclophora tenuis、A. delicatissima、Achnanthes manifera 和 Amphora bigibba 污损。FR 表面的特征是 Cyclophora tenuis 和几种 Amphora 属的物种。Cyclophora tenuis 的存在是生物污损文献中的新发现，但随着新涂层的开发，这种硅藻可能是许多对静态浸泡有问题的物种之一。结果表明，涂层会受到地理位置的显著影响，突出了在类似其应用地点的位置测试船舶船壳涂层的必要性。
