Ohara Yoichiro, Ohara Takahiro, Ohrui Takashi, Morikawa Toshio, Asamura Takaaki, Sasaki Hidetada, Arai Hiroyuki
Ohara Children's Clinic, Fukushima, Japan.
Pediatr Int. 2012 Apr;54(2):227-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2011.03515.x. Epub 2012 Jan 12.
The concentration of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) in young children with stable asthma and during acute asthma attack is not known.
A sampling bag was developed to collect the exhaled air of preschool children. A total of 257 preschool-age children (≥ 3 years and ≤ 6 years old) were studied; 111 had a diagnosis of asthma (43 suffering a mild asthma attack and 68 without active asthmatic symptom), 99 had upper respiratory infection (URI) and 47 were healthy.
In preschool-age children, eCO levels of those with asthma attacks (mean ± SE, 2.7 ± 0.3 p.p.m., n= 43) were significantly higher than those of subjects with asymptomatic asthma (0.5 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05), URI (0.8 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05) and healthy children (0.4 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05). A multivariate linear regression model showed that eCO was higher in children with asthma attacks independent of age and gender. In 33 asthmatic children followed before and after treatment, eCO levels during asthma attacks significantly decreased after inhalation therapy with a combination of salbutamol and sodium cromoglycate (before therapy, 2.9 ± 0.4 p.p.m.; after therapy, 0.6 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.0001).
The measurement of eCO using a novel collecting system is useful in the recognition of asthma in preschool children.
稳定期哮喘患儿和急性哮喘发作期患儿呼出一氧化碳（eCO）的浓度尚不清楚。
研制了一种采样袋来收集学龄前儿童呼出的气体。共研究了257名学龄前儿童（3岁至6岁）；其中111名被诊断为哮喘（43名轻度哮喘发作，68名无活动性哮喘症状），99名患有上呼吸道感染（URI），47名健康。
在学龄前儿童中，哮喘发作患儿的eCO水平（均值±标准误，2.7±0.3 ppm，n = 43）显著高于无症状哮喘患儿（0.5±0.1 ppm，P < 0.05）、URI患儿（0.8±0.1 ppm，P < 0.05）和健康儿童（0.4±0.1 ppm，P < 0.05）。多变量线性回归模型显示，哮喘发作患儿的eCO水平更高，且不受年龄和性别的影响。在33名接受治疗前后随访的哮喘患儿中，沙丁胺醇和色甘酸钠联合吸入治疗后，哮喘发作期的eCO水平显著下降（治疗前，2.9±0.4 ppm；治疗后，0.6±0.1 ppm，P < 0.0001）。
使用新型收集系统测量eCO有助于识别学龄前儿童的哮喘。
