University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital & Women's College Hospital, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Dec;11(12):1871-88. doi: 10.1586/era.11.122.
The management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is evolving owing to the increasing detection of small renal masses, greater understanding of the metabolic pathways involved, new targeted medical treatments for metastatic RCC, and evolving surgical and minimally invasive image-guided treatment techniques. Consequently, the role of imaging and radiology has expanded, with new challenges encompassing all aspects of management, including diagnosis, predicting cell type, staging, preoperative vascular mapping, image-guided treatment and biopsy, detection of recurrence and the use of imaging as a biomarker to assess response to treatment. This article is a comprehensive review of RCC, outlining the etiology of the disease, RCC histological subtypes and their imaging characteristics, imaging modality techniques for evaluation of RCC, treatment strategies and the management of small renal masses.
肾细胞癌 (RCC) 的管理正在发展，这是由于越来越多的小肾肿块的检测，对涉及的代谢途径的更深入理解，转移性 RCC 的新的靶向医学治疗，以及不断发展的外科和微创图像引导治疗技术。因此，成像和放射学的作用已经扩大，涵盖了管理的各个方面，包括诊断、预测细胞类型、分期、术前血管绘图、图像引导治疗和活检、复发检测以及使用成像作为生物标志物来评估治疗反应。本文全面回顾了 RCC，概述了疾病的病因、RCC 的组织学亚型及其影像学特征、用于评估 RCC 的影像学方式技术、治疗策略以及小肾肿块的管理。
