Zentralinstitut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratorioumsmedizin, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Clin Chim Acta. 2012 Sep 8;413(17-18):1338-49. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.11.006. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
The individualization of immunosuppression is an approach for preventing rejection in the early phase after transplantation and for avoiding the long-term side effects of over immunosuppression. Pharmacodynamic markers, either specific or nonspecific, have been proposed as complementary tools to drug monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs. A key event in graft rejection is the activation and proliferation of the recipient's lymphocytes, particularly T cells. Activated T cells express surface receptors, such as CD25 (the IL-2 receptor) and CD71 (the transferrin receptor), or co-stimulatory molecules (CD26, CD27, CD28, CD30, CD154 or CD40L, and CD134). Both surface marker expression and cell proliferation are predominately assessed by flow cytometry. Protocols have been established and utilized for both in vitro and ex vivo investigations with either isolated lymphocytes or whole blood. This article reviews the current body of research regarding the use of lymphocyte proliferation and surface activation markers with an emphasis on T cells. Experimental and clinical results related to these markers, as well as methodological issues and open questions, are addressed.
免疫抑制的个体化是一种预防移植后早期排斥反应的方法，也是避免长期过度免疫抑制的副作用的方法。已经提出了药效标志物（特异性或非特异性）作为免疫抑制药物药物监测的补充工具。移植物排斥的一个关键事件是受体淋巴细胞（特别是 T 细胞）的激活和增殖。活化的 T 细胞表达表面受体，如 CD25（白细胞介素 2 受体）和 CD71（转铁蛋白受体），或共刺激分子（CD26、CD27、CD28、CD30、CD154 或 CD40L 和 CD134）。表面标记物的表达和细胞增殖主要通过流式细胞术来评估。已经建立了用于体外和离体研究的方案，无论是使用分离的淋巴细胞还是全血。本文综述了目前关于使用淋巴细胞增殖和表面激活标记物的研究，重点是 T 细胞。讨论了与这些标记物相关的实验和临床结果，以及方法学问题和未解决的问题。
