Counseling and Personnel Services, College of Education, University of Maryland.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2008 Sep;45(3):281-97. doi: 10.1037/a0013305.
The authors examined immediacy (i.e., discussions about the here-and-now therapeutic relationship) in a 12-session case of individual interpersonal psychotherapy. Therapist immediacy during immediacy events most often focused on parallels between external relationships and the therapy relationship, encouraging expression of immediate feelings, processing termination, therapist expressing disappointment/sadness/hurt and inquiring about the client's reactions. Client involvement was slightly higher before and after than during immediacy events. On the positive side, therapist immediacy seemed to help the client express her immediate feelings about the therapist more openly, feel closer to the therapist, and become less defended. On the negative side, the client felt somewhat awkward and pressured when the therapist used immediacy. Limitations and implications for practice and research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
作者在个体人际心理治疗的 12 次疗程中研究了即时性（即讨论此时此地的治疗关系）。在即时性事件中，治疗师的即时性通常集中在外部关系和治疗关系之间的相似之处上，鼓励表达即时的感受、处理结束、治疗师表达失望/悲伤/伤害，并询问客户的反应。客户的参与度在即时性事件之前和之后略高于期间。从积极的方面来看，治疗师的即时性似乎有助于客户更开放地表达对治疗师的即时感受，感觉与治疗师更亲近，并减少防御。从消极的方面来看，当治疗师使用即时性时，客户会感到有些尴尬和有压力。讨论了实践和研究的局限性和意义。（心理学信息数据库记录（c）2010 APA，保留所有权利）。
