GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012 Mar 15;64(3):220-32. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.004. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
A dry powder inhaler (DPI) is a dosage form that consists of a powder formulation in a device which is designed to deliver an active ingredient to the respiratory tract. It has been extensively investigated over the past years and several aspects relating to device and particulate delivery mechanisms have been the focal points for debate. DPI formulations may or may not contain carrier particles but whenever a carrier is included in a commercial formulation, it is almost invariably lactose monohydrate. Many physicochemical properties of the lactose carrier particles have been reported to affect the efficiency of a DPI. A number of preparation methods have been developed which have been claimed to produce lactose carriers with characteristics which lead to improved deposition. Alongside these developments, a number of characterization methods have been developed which have been reported to be useful in the measurement of key properties of the particulate ingredients. This review describes the various physicochemical characteristics of lactose, methods of manufacturing lactose particulates and their characterization.
干粉吸入器（DPI）是一种剂型，由装置中的粉末制剂组成，旨在将有效成分递送至呼吸道。近年来，它已经得到了广泛的研究，与设备和颗粒传递机制相关的几个方面一直是争论的焦点。DPI 制剂可能含有载体颗粒，也可能不含载体颗粒，但无论商业制剂中是否包含载体，几乎总是乳糖一水合物。据报道，乳糖载体颗粒的许多物理化学性质会影响 DPI 的效率。已经开发了许多制备方法，据称这些方法可以生产出具有改善沉积效果的乳糖载体。随着这些发展，还开发了许多特性描述方法，据报道这些方法可用于测量颗粒成分的关键特性。本文综述了乳糖的各种物理化学特性、乳糖颗粒的制造方法及其特性描述。
