McCann B S, Retzlaff B M, Dowdy A A, Walden C E, Knopp R H
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98104.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1990 Oct;90(10):1408-14, 1017.
Evidence that lowering blood cholesterol levels reduces risk of coronary heart disease has prompted widespread recommendations that hyperlipidemic individuals undergo dietary therapy. However, the extent to which people can adopt and maintain diets to lower lipids is unclear. In our article, we review what is currently known regarding adherence to low-fat diets and present an approach to dietary counseling for lowering cholesterol that incorporates elements of behavioral self-management and social learning theory. We discuss specific recommendations for counseling hyperlipidemic patients based on the Dietary Alternatives Study. Recommendations include providing patients with an adequate knowledge base to make dietary changes, using goal setting and self-monitoring to help patients initiate dietary changes, enlisting support from the patient's family, and enhancing self-efficacy to promote long-term dietary maintenance.
降低血液胆固醇水平可降低冠心病风险的证据促使人们广泛建议高脂血症患者接受饮食治疗。然而，人们能够采用并维持降低血脂饮食的程度尚不清楚。在我们的文章中，我们回顾了目前关于坚持低脂饮食的已知情况，并提出了一种结合行为自我管理和社会学习理论要素的降低胆固醇饮食咨询方法。我们根据饮食替代研究讨论了为高脂血症患者提供咨询的具体建议。建议包括为患者提供足够的知识基础以进行饮食改变，利用目标设定和自我监测帮助患者启动饮食改变，争取患者家人的支持，以及增强自我效能感以促进长期饮食维持。
