Khati Nadia Juliet, Gorodenker Joseph, Hill Michael C
Department of Radiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Ultrasound Q. 2011 Dec;27(4):255-68. doi: 10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182394101.
Ultrasound is the most useful imaging technique for guiding biopsies and fine-needle aspirations that are performed percutaneously. It is a safe and accurate method to guide needles using real-time imaging into abdominal and pelvic organs and masses. Its advantages over computed tomography-guided biopsies are that it can be done portably, is less expensive, and does not use ionizing radiation. Even lesions as small as 1 cm can be biopsied assuming the procedure can be performed safely and the mass can be visualized sonographically.This review article discusses the different components of performing percutaneous biopsies in adult patients including review of the patients imaging studies, coagulation status, and medications. We explain when and how we do core biopsies versus fine-needle aspirations to obtain a diagnosis depending on the suspected diagnosis and organ/mass being biopsied. We also describe how we take care of the patient after biopsy.Ultrasound can be used safely and successfully to perform biopsies and fine-needle aspirations in solid organs of the abdomen and pelvis including the retroperitoneum and abdominal wall. This technique allows adequate tissue sampling with real-time monitoring during placement of the biopsy needle. Postprocedure complications are extremely rare with the vast majority of our patients requiring only a short recovery time of 2 hours following the biopsy.
超声是用于引导经皮活检和细针穿刺抽吸的最有用的成像技术。它是一种安全且准确的方法，可利用实时成像将针引导至腹部和盆腔器官及肿块。与计算机断层扫描引导下的活检相比，其优势在于可便携操作、成本较低且不使用电离辐射。假设操作能够安全进行且肿块能在超声下显影，即使小至1厘米的病变也可进行活检。这篇综述文章讨论了在成年患者中进行经皮活检的不同组成部分，包括对患者影像学检查、凝血状态和药物治疗的评估。我们解释了根据疑似诊断以及被活检的器官/肿块情况，何时以及如何进行粗针活检与细针穿刺抽吸以获得诊断。我们还描述了活检后如何护理患者。超声可安全且成功地用于在腹部和盆腔的实体器官（包括腹膜后和腹壁）中进行活检和细针穿刺抽吸。该技术在活检针放置过程中能通过实时监测获取足够的组织样本。术后并发症极为罕见，绝大多数患者活检后仅需短暂的2小时恢复时间。
