Bolsista CNPq, National Agricultural Laboratory, LANAGRO/MG, Brazil.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2012;29(4):526-34. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2011.625649. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
Brazil is one of the most important countries as a producer and exporter of cattle and poultry. In 2009 cattle accounted for 30% of the export market and 41.4% for poultry meat. The Brazilian National Residues and Contaminants Control Plan (PNCRC) follows the guidelines set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission and checks compliance maximum residue limits (MRLs) to ensure the quality of these commodities. Kidney samples (n = 2978) were analysed between January 2008 and December 2009. Fifteen antibiotics of the macrolide and aminoglycoside groups (clindamycin, eritromycin, lincomycin, tylmicosin, tylosin, amikacin, apramycin, dihydrostreptomycin, gentamycin, higromycin, kanamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin) were determined by a microbiological screening method (FAST) and confirmed/quantified using liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS). In 2008, 1459 samples were analysed by a screening test and liquid chromatography with only one sample (0.07%) exceeded Brazilian legislation limits (>MRL). In 2009, 1519 samples were analysed and none exceeding Brazilian legislation limits (>MRL). The slaughterhouses of 16 states were monitored during the year of 2008, and 18 states were monitored in 2009, being the major producing states most sampled by the PNCRC.
巴西是牛和家禽的主要生产国和出口国之一。2009 年，牛肉占出口市场的 30%，禽肉占 41.4%。巴西国家残留和污染物控制计划（PNCRC）遵循食品法典委员会制定的准则，检查最大残留限量（MRL）的遵守情况，以确保这些商品的质量。2008 年 1 月至 2009 年 12 月期间对 2978 份肾脏样本进行了分析。采用微生物筛选法（FAST）对大环内酯类和氨基糖苷类（克林霉素、红霉素、林可霉素、泰妙菌素、泰乐菌素、阿米卡星、安普霉素、二氢链霉素、庆大霉素、潮霉素、卡那霉素、新霉素、大观霉素、链霉素、妥布霉素）等 15 种抗生素进行了检测，并通过液相色谱（LC-MS/MS 和 UPLC-MS/MS）进行了确认/定量分析。2008 年，对 1459 个样本进行了筛选检测和液相色谱检测，只有一个样本（0.07%）超过了巴西法规限制（>MRL）。2009 年，对 1519 个样本进行了分析，均未超过巴西法规限制（>MRL）。2008 年监测了 16 个州的屠宰场，2009 年监测了 18 个州，这些州是 PNCRC 采样最多的主要生产州。
