Department of Orthopaedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Am J Sports Med. 2012 Mar;40(3):527-33. doi: 10.1177/0363546511429278. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
Intense exercise has been reported as one risk factor for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA).
This study aimed to evaluate (1) whether this is true for both former impact and nonimpact athletes, (2) if the risk of a hip or knee arthroplasty due to OA is higher than expected, and (3) if joint deterioration is associated with knee injuries.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
The prevalence of OA and arthroplasty in the hip and knee were registered in 709 former male elite athletes with a median age of 70 years (range, 50-93 years), retired from sports for a median 35 years (range, 1-63 years), and compared with 1368 matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
The risk of hip or knee OA was higher in former athletes (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5-2.3), as was arthroplasty based on OA in either of these joints (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-3.1). The risk of hip OA was doubled (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.5-2.8) and hip arthroplasty was 2.5 times higher (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.7) in former athletes than in controls, predominantly driven by a higher risk in former impact athletes. Also, the risk of knee OA was higher (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1), as was knee arthroplasty (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.9-2.7), driven by a higher risk in both former impact and nonimpact athletes. Knee OA in impact athletes was associated with knee injury.
Hip and knee OA and hip and knee arthroplasty are more commonly found in former male elite athletes than expected. A previous knee injury is associated with knee OA in former impact athletes but not in nonimpact athletes.
高强度运动被认为是髋关节和膝关节骨关节炎（OA）的一个风险因素。
本研究旨在评估（1）这是否适用于前冲击和非冲击运动员，（2）由于 OA 而进行髋关节或膝关节置换术的风险是否高于预期，以及（3）关节恶化是否与膝关节损伤有关。
队列研究；证据水平，3 级。
在 709 名已退休的男性精英运动员中，登记了髋关节和膝关节 OA 及关节置换的患病率，这些运动员的中位年龄为 70 岁（范围，50-93 岁），退役中位时间为 35 年（范围，1-63 年），并与 1368 名匹配的对照组进行了比较。比值比（OR）以均值和 95%置信区间（95%CI）表示。
前运动员髋关节或膝关节 OA 的风险更高（OR，1.9；95%CI，1.5-2.3），这些关节中任何一个因 OA 而进行关节置换的风险也更高（OR，2.2；95%CI，1.6-3.1）。前运动员的髋关节 OA 风险增加了一倍（OR，2.0；95%CI，1.5-2.8），髋关节置换的风险增加了 2.5 倍（OR，2.5；95%CI，1.6-3.7），主要是由于前冲击运动员的风险更高。此外，膝关节 OA 的风险更高（OR，1.6；95%CI，1.3-2.1），膝关节置换的风险也更高（OR，1.6；95%CI，0.9-2.7），这主要是由于前冲击和非冲击运动员的风险都更高。冲击运动员的膝关节 OA 与膝关节损伤有关。
与预期相比，髋关节和膝关节 OA 以及髋关节和膝关节置换术在男性前精英运动员中更为常见。前膝关节损伤与前冲击运动员的膝关节 OA 有关，但与非冲击运动员无关。
