United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, USA.
Virus Res. 2012 Feb;163(2):503-11. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.11.015. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
A complex set of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) was isolated from threecornered alfalfa hopper (Spissistilus festinus), a plant-feeding hemipteran pest. A subset of these dsRNAs constitute the genome of a new reovirus, provisionally designated Spissistilus festinus reovirus (SpFRV). SpFRV was present in threecornered alfalfa hopper populations in the San Joaquin Valley of California, with incidence ranging from 10% to 60% in 24 of 25 sample sets analyzed. The 10 dsRNA segments of SpFRV were completely sequenced and shown to share conserved terminal sequences (5'-AGAGA and CGAUGUUGU-3') of the positive-sense strand that are distinct from known species of the family Reoviridae. Comparisons of the RNA directed RNA polymerase (RdRp) indicated SpFRV is most closely related (39.1% amino acid identity) to another new reovirus infecting the angulate leafhopper (Acinopterus angulatus) and provisionally designated Acinopterus angulatus reovirus (AcARV). The RdRp of both viruses was distantly related to Raspberry latent virus RdRp at 27.0% (SpFRV) and 30.0% (AcARV) or Rice ragged stunt virus RdRp at 26.2% (SpFRV) and 29.0% (AcARV) amino acid identity. RdRp phylogeny confirmed that SpFRV and AcARV are sister taxa sharing a most recent common ancestor. SpFRV segment 6 encodes a protein containing two NTP binding motifs that are conserved in homologs of reoviruses in the subfamily Spinareovirinae. The protein encoded by SpFRV segment 4 was identified as a guanylyltransferase homolog. SpFRV segments 1, 3, and 10 encode homologs of reovirus structural proteins. No homologs were identified for proteins encoded by SpFRV segments 5, 7, 8, and 9. Collectively, the low level of sequence identity with other reoviruses, similar segment terminal sequences, RdRp phylogeny, and host taxa indicate that SpFRV and AcARV may be considered members of a proposed new genus of the family Reoviridae (subfamily Spinareovirinae), with SpFRV assigned as the type species.
从三叶苜蓿盲蝽（Spissistilus festinus）中分离出一组复杂的双链 RNA（dsRNA），三叶苜蓿盲蝽是一种以植物为食的半翅目害虫。这些 dsRNA 中的一部分构成了一种新的呼肠孤病毒的基因组，暂时命名为三叶苜蓿盲蝽呼肠孤病毒（Spissistilus festinus reovirus，SpFRV）。SpFRV 存在于加利福尼亚州圣华金谷的三叶苜蓿盲蝽种群中，在分析的 25 个样本组中的 24 个样本中，发病率在 10%到 60%之间。SpFRV 的 10 个 dsRNA 片段已完全测序，并显示出与已知呼肠孤病毒科物种不同的正链保守末端序列（5'-AGAGA 和 CGAUGUUGU-3'）。RNA 指导的 RNA 聚合酶（RdRp）的比较表明，SpFRV 与另一种感染角蝉的新呼肠孤病毒（Acinopterus angulatus）最为密切相关（39.1%氨基酸同一性），并暂时命名为 Acinopterus angulatus reovirus（AcARV）。这两种病毒的 RdRp 与覆盆子潜病毒 RdRp 的亲缘关系较远，分别为 27.0%（SpFRV）和 30.0%（AcARV）或水稻条纹矮缩病毒 RdRp 的 26.2%（SpFRV）和 29.0%（AcARV）氨基酸同一性。RdRp 系统发育证实，SpFRV 和 AcARV 是姐妹分类群，具有最近的共同祖先。SpFRV 片段 6 编码的蛋白质含有两个 NTP 结合基序，这些基序在 Spinareovirinae 亚科的呼肠孤病毒同源物中保守。由 SpFRV 片段 4 编码的蛋白质被鉴定为鸟苷转移酶同源物。SpFRV 片段 1、3 和 10 编码呼肠孤病毒结构蛋白的同源物。未鉴定出 SpFRV 片段 5、7、8 和 9 编码的蛋白质的同源物。总的来说，与其他呼肠孤病毒的低序列同一性、相似的片段末端序列、RdRp 系统发育以及宿主分类群表明，SpFRV 和 AcARV 可能被认为是呼肠孤病毒科（Spinareovirinae 亚科）提议的新属的成员，其中 SpFRV 被指定为模式种。
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