The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA (Dr Lipman, Dr Murphy)
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (Dr Kumanyika, Dr Ratcliffe)
Diabetes Educ. 2012 Jan-Feb;38(1):58-66. doi: 10.1177/0145721711427454. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
The purpose of this study is to learn how to serve families with children with diabetes in a more culturally effective manner by exploring and more fully understanding differences in how white and African American families ranked factors they perceived as important to living well with diabetes.
This is a secondary analysis of a survey derived from qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 799 parents (84.1% white, 12.3% African American) completed the mailed survey. Respondents were asked to rate how much of a difference each of 30 survey items makes in a child and family who are living well with diabetes, which were placed in rank order by race. Items were combined into clinically relevant categories, and mean ratings for each category were calculated. Regression analyses were used to test for racial differences between items and within categories.
The racial groups expressed many similar views; however, 2 major themes emerged reflecting racial differences in the prioritization of factors affecting the well-being of children with diabetes. First, African American families ascribed greater importance to social supports. Second, African Americans expressed a preference for interventions that target the whole family versus the individual child, whereas whites tended to prefer child-centered interventions.
There is a paucity of research on the goals and priorities of pediatric diabetes care from the perspective of parents from diverse racial backgrounds. Asking families about the type of care they prefer may help to improve the design and delivery of services in a culturally competent, effective manner.
本研究旨在通过探索和更充分地了解白人和非裔美国家庭对与糖尿病共同生活的重要因素的看法差异，以更具文化有效性的方式为有儿童糖尿病的家庭提供服务。
这是对源自定性和定量数据的调查的二次分析。共有 799 名家长（84.1%为白人，12.3%为非裔美国人）完成了邮寄调查。要求受访者对 30 项调查项目中的每一项对患有糖尿病的儿童和家庭的生活质量产生的影响程度进行评分，这些项目按种族进行了排序。将项目组合成具有临床相关性的类别，并计算每个类别的平均评分。回归分析用于检验项目之间和类别内的种族差异。
这两个种族群体表达了许多相似的观点；然而，出现了 2 个主要主题，反映了影响儿童糖尿病患者幸福感的因素在优先排序方面的种族差异。首先，非裔美国家庭更加重视社会支持。其次，非裔美国人表示倾向于针对整个家庭而非单个孩子的干预措施，而白人则倾向于选择以孩子为中心的干预措施。
从不同种族背景的家长的角度研究儿科糖尿病护理的目标和优先事项的研究很少。询问家庭他们所偏好的护理类型可能有助于以文化上胜任、有效的方式改善服务的设计和提供。
