Department of Psychology, University of Miami, USA.
Emotion. 2012 Jun;12(3):430-6. doi: 10.1037/a0026498. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
Facial expressions frequently involve multiple individual facial actions. How do facial actions combine to create emotionally meaningful expressions? Infants produce positive and negative facial expressions at a range of intensities. It may be that a given facial action can index the intensity of both positive (smiles) and negative (cry-face) expressions. Objective, automated measurements of facial action intensity were paired with continuous ratings of emotional valence to investigate this possibility. Degree of eye constriction (the Duchenne marker) and mouth opening were each uniquely associated with smile intensity and, independently, with cry-face intensity. In addition, degree of eye constriction and mouth opening were each unique predictors of emotion valence ratings. Eye constriction and mouth opening index the intensity of both positive and negative infant facial expressions, suggesting parsimony in the early communication of emotion.
面部表情通常涉及多种个体面部动作。面部动作如何结合起来创造出有情感意义的表情呢？婴儿会以不同的强度表现出积极和消极的面部表情。可能是某种特定的面部动作可以表示积极（微笑）和消极（哭脸）表情的强度。本研究通过客观、自动的面部动作强度测量与对情绪效价的连续评分相结合，来调查这种可能性。眼睛收缩程度（杜兴氏标志）和嘴巴张开的程度与微笑强度以及哭脸强度均具有独特的相关性。此外，眼睛收缩程度和嘴巴张开程度是情绪效价评分的独特预测指标。眼睛收缩和嘴巴张开程度可以表示积极和消极的婴儿面部表情的强度，这表明在早期情感交流中具有简洁性。
