Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e.V., Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
Appl Ergon. 2012 Jul;43(4):753-61. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.11.009. Epub 2011 Dec 5.
The incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among milking parlor operatives has increased while milking parlors were getting bigger. At the same time parlor design was improved regarding the physical load as well as body postures. In contrast to former studies on workload in parlor milking this project was designed and performed as an experimental study in a laboratory setting including 6 female subjects. Motion analysis and psycho-physiological analysis (EMG, heart rate, subjective perceived strain index) were carried out. Intra-individual comparisons were made for the different settings using general linear models for repeated measurements. The effects of working height and weight of milking unit during parlor milking were investigated regarding the impact on muscular load and body posture. The results showed that the optimal working height for attaching the cluster is having the teats at shoulder level of the parlor operative. Another important workload reduction was achieved by reducing the weight of the milking cluster. The named discomfort, localized fatigue and the body posture analysis provide evidence that the changes in modern milking parlors due to mechanization still bear the risk of overburden for the worker.
挤奶厅操作人员与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的发病率在增加，而挤奶厅却变得更大了。与此同时，挤奶厅的设计在物理负荷和身体姿势方面也得到了改善。与以前关于挤奶厅工作量的研究不同，该项目是作为一项实验研究在实验室环境中设计和进行的，包括 6 名女性受试者。进行了运动分析和心理生理分析（肌电图、心率、主观感知应变指数）。使用重复测量的一般线性模型对不同设置进行了个体内比较。研究了挤奶厅挤奶过程中工作高度和挤奶单元重量对肌肉负荷和身体姿势的影响。结果表明，为了附着奶头杯，最佳的工作高度是使奶头杯与挤奶厅操作人员的肩部平齐。通过减轻挤奶杯的重量，还可以进一步降低工作量。所谓的不适、局部疲劳和身体姿势分析表明，由于机械化，现代挤奶厅的变化仍然给工人带来了过度劳累的风险。
