a Department of Horticultural Engineering , Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy , Potsdam , Germany.
J Agromedicine. 2019 Jul;24(3):215-223. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2019.1590270. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
Musculoskeletal pain and disorders frequently occur among milking parlor operatives on dairy farms, irrespective of the farm size and despite that the work is carried out in an upright position. The objective of this case study was to assess the effect of a new milking system, a physical ergonomic intervention, to reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and disorders among milking parlor operatives. The new milking system has a reduced cluster weight and single tube guidance and, consequently, abandons the positioning of the cluster underneath the udder, thus reducing the postural load. In a pre/post treatment study the parlor operatives of five farms were questioned, and parlor specifics were measured. The gap between visits was at least one year. There was no significant reduction in pain, but three-quarters of the workers experienced a workload reduction and would recommend the new system. The isolation of the effect of the ergonomic intervention was not possible, because all but one farm completely rebuilt their milking parlors, and several things were changed including work organizational aspects. The expected reduction in pain in the musculoskeletal system was noticed, but not statistically significant. Worker satisfaction and participation in decision making could be improved on the farms and might increase the effect of the intervention, especially because work satisfaction is correlated with the occurrence of pain in the musculoskeletal system.
在奶牛场，无论农场规模大小，挤奶厅操作人员经常会出现肌肉骨骼疼痛和紊乱的问题，尽管他们的工作是直立进行的。本病例研究旨在评估一种新的挤奶系统（一种物理人体工程学干预措施）对降低挤奶厅操作人员肌肉骨骼疼痛和紊乱发生率的效果。新的挤奶系统具有减轻的奶桶重量和单管引导，因此放弃了将奶桶定位在乳房下方的方式，从而减少了姿势负荷。在一项治疗前后的研究中，对五个农场的挤奶厅操作人员进行了询问，并测量了挤奶厅的具体情况。两次访问之间的间隔至少为一年。疼痛没有显著减轻，但四分之三的工人体验到工作负荷减轻，并会推荐新系统。由于除了一个农场外，所有其他农场都完全重建了他们的挤奶厅，并且进行了包括工作组织方面在内的多项改变，因此无法隔离人体工程学干预的效果。人们注意到肌肉骨骼系统的疼痛预期会减少，但没有统计学意义。工人的满意度和参与决策的能力可以在农场得到提高，这可能会增加干预的效果，特别是因为工作满意度与肌肉骨骼系统疼痛的发生相关。
