屈光不正、斜视和弱视与先天性上睑下垂的关联。
The association of refractive error, strabismus, and amblyopia with congenital ptosis.
作者信息
Srinagesh Vishwanath, Simon John W, Meyer Dale R, Zobal-Ratner Jitka
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology/Lions Eye Institute, Albany Medical College, Slingerlands, New York, USA.
出版信息
J AAPOS. 2011 Dec;15(6):541-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.08.006.
PURPOSE
To determine the frequency of amblyopia and its associations among children with congenital ptosis.
METHODS
A retrospective chart review of 92 active patients with congenital ptosis in the practices of 2 of the authors. The main outcome measures were relative eyelid ptosis severity, presence and type of strabismus, refractive error, and amblyopia.
RESULTS
Amblyopia was identified in 22 of 92 patients (23.9%), in almost every case occurring in the context of coexisting anisometropia or strabismus and affecting the eye with the more severe ptosis (P = 0.0001). Amblyopia was more likely to occur in cases with greater relative eyelid asymmetry and did not develop in children with symmetric ptosis. In several cases, anisometropia and amblyopia were not initially apparent but progressively developed during follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Children with congenital ptosis are at risk of anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia, which may progress during early development. Patients should be examined at regular intervals to evaluate and treat these potential complications.
目的
确定先天性上睑下垂患儿弱视的发生率及其相关因素。
方法
对两位作者诊所中92例先天性上睑下垂的现患患者进行回顾性病历审查。主要观察指标为相对上睑下垂严重程度、斜视的存在及类型、屈光不正和弱视。
结果
92例患者中有22例（23.9%）被诊断为弱视，几乎所有病例均伴有屈光参差或斜视，且弱视累及上睑下垂更严重的眼睛（P = 0.0001）。弱视更易发生于相对眼睑不对称更明显的病例，而对称型上睑下垂患儿未发生弱视。在一些病例中，屈光参差和弱视最初并不明显，但在随访过程中逐渐发展。
结论
先天性上睑下垂患儿有发生屈光参差性和斜视性弱视的风险，且可能在早期发育过程中进展。应定期对患者进行检查，以评估和治疗这些潜在并发症。
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