Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2012 Mar;111(3):516-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2011.11.001. Epub 2011 Dec 10.
The current experiments examined the role of scale factor in children's proportional reasoning. Experiment 1 used a choice task and Experiment 2 used a production task to examine the abilities of kindergartners through fourth-graders to match equivalent, visually depicted proportional relations. The findings of both experiments show that accuracy decreased as the scaling magnitude between the equivalent proportions increased. In addition, children's errors showed that the cost of scaling proportional relations is symmetrical for problems that involve scaling up and scaling down. These findings indicate that scaling has a cognitive cost that results in decreasing performance with increasing scaling magnitude. These scale factor effects are consistent with children's use of intuitive strategies to solve proportional reasoning problems that may be important in scaffolding more formal mathematical understanding of proportional relations.
当前的实验研究了比例因子在儿童比例推理中的作用。实验 1 使用选择任务，实验 2 使用生成任务，考察了幼儿园至四年级儿童匹配等价的视觉呈现比例关系的能力。两项实验的结果均表明，随着等价比例之间的缩放幅度增加，准确性降低。此外，儿童的错误表明，缩放比例关系的成本对于涉及放大和缩小的问题是对称的。这些发现表明，缩放具有认知成本，随着缩放幅度的增加，表现会下降。这些比例因子效应与儿童使用直观策略来解决比例推理问题是一致的，这可能对支撑更正式的比例关系数学理解的脚手架很重要。
