Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;33(2):98-103. doi: 10.1159/000334180. Epub 2011 Dec 13.
When reading medical literature as a clinician, many different measures of association are presented. To judge whether results of studies can be applied to clinical practice, it is essential to understand and to be able to interpret the measure of association reported in the article. In this paper, we will present how to deal with the most commonly used measures of association including the risk and rate difference, number needed to treat, risk and rate ratio, hazard ratio and odds ratio. By means of examples, we will discuss the different measures of association for the three main study designs used in clinical research: randomized controlled trial, observational cohort study and case-control study.
当临床医生阅读医学文献时，会呈现出许多不同的关联度量。为了判断研究结果是否可应用于临床实践，理解并能够解释文章中报告的关联度量是至关重要的。在本文中，我们将介绍如何处理最常用的关联度量，包括风险和率差、需要治疗的人数、风险和率比、风险比和优势比。通过示例，我们将讨论临床研究中使用的三种主要研究设计（随机对照试验、观察性队列研究和病例对照研究）的不同关联度量。
