Department of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT.
J Psychopharmacol. 1987 Jan;1(1):47-53. doi: 10.1177/026988118700100109.
The effects of three dopamine antagonists (pimozide, clozapine, sulpiride) on fluid consumption by water-deprived rats trained to choose between a saline solution and water in a 15 min drinking test were examined. Rats of each sex were allocated to three groups and given access to 0.125% NaCl, 0.6% NaCl, and 1.7% NaCl, respectively, as the alternative to water. Dose-dependent reductions in fluid consumption were produced by pimozide (0.1- 3.0 mg kg(-1)) and clozapine (0.3-10.0 mg kg(-1)), but not by sulpiride (1.0-30 mg kg(-1)). There were instances of a hyperdipsic effect of sulpiride. The dopamine antagonists produced significant changes in saline preference, but in no case was a decrease in preference detected. Instead, there was evidence for induction of preference, or enhancement of preference, in both sexes. So far as determinants of preference for the salt are concerned, it appears that in the rat, dopamine may have a predominantly inhibitory action.
研究了三种多巴胺拮抗剂（匹莫齐特、氯氮平、舒必利）对在 15 分钟饮水试验中选择盐水和水的水剥夺大鼠的液体消耗的影响。将每种性别的大鼠分为三组，分别给予 0.125%NaCl、0.6%NaCl 和 1.7%NaCl 作为水的替代物。匹莫齐特（0.1-3.0mg/kg）和氯氮平（0.3-10.0mg/kg）产生了剂量依赖性的液体消耗减少，但舒必利（1.0-30mg/kg）没有。舒必利有过饮水过度的情况。多巴胺拮抗剂对盐水偏好产生了显著变化，但在任何情况下都没有检测到偏好降低。相反，在两性中都有诱导偏好或增强偏好的证据。就盐偏好的决定因素而言，在大鼠中，多巴胺可能主要具有抑制作用。
