American Board of Professional Psycholoogy, 815 Superior Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA.
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2011;39(4):496-505.
In recent years, state and federal legislative initiatives have heavily emphasized punitive laws to combat sexual crime. These statutes include indefinite civil commitment, which is the ultimate infringement on sexual offenders' civil liberties. Many of these committed offenders have repeatedly offended against prepubescent children (pedophiles), and many have committed nonconsensual sexual offenses against adults (rapists). A substantial number of sex offenders have offended against postpubescent adolescents and teenagers outside the age range of pedophilia (commonly referred to by some clinicians and researchers as hebephilia). The use of the term hebephilia has recently received heightened scrutiny in sexually violent predator civil commitment proceedings. Specifically, experts debate whether hebephilia is recognized within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) and whether it is a generally accepted diagnosis within the field of sexual offender assessment. Scholars and practitioners question how hebephilia pertains to sexual deviance and one's risk of reoffending and whether it ultimately meets the legal mental abnormality threshold of civil commitment through DSM diagnostic criteria. This article addresses these questions and provides recent federal case law that attends to hebephilia in sexually violent predator proceedings.
近年来，州和联邦立法倡议大力强调惩罚性法律来打击性犯罪。这些法规包括无限期的民事拘留，这是对性犯罪者公民自由的终极侵犯。许多被监禁的罪犯一再对青春期前的儿童（恋童癖者）进行性侵犯，许多人对成年人（强奸犯）进行非自愿的性侵犯。相当数量的性犯罪者对青春期后青少年进行性侵犯，超出了恋童癖的年龄范围（一些临床医生和研究人员通常将其称为恋少癖）。恋少癖一词最近在性暴力掠夺者民事拘留程序中受到了更严格的审查。具体来说，专家们就恋少癖是否在《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版修订本（DSM-IV-TR）中得到承认，以及它是否在性犯罪者评估领域被普遍接受这两个问题展开了辩论。学者和从业者质疑恋少癖与性偏差以及再次犯罪的风险有何关联，以及它是否最终通过 DSM 诊断标准符合民事拘留的法律精神异常门槛。本文将回答这些问题，并提供最近关注性暴力掠夺者程序中恋少癖的联邦案例法。
