Williams Monnica T, Turkheimer Eric, Magee Emily, Guterbock Thomas
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Box 400400, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22904.
Pers Individ Dif. 2008 Feb 1;44(3):746-757. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.10.009.
African Americans show unusually high endorsement rates on self-report measures of contamination anxiety. The purpose of this study was to replicate this finding in a nationally representative sample and conduct a randomized experiment to determine the effect of salience of race as a causal factor. Black and White participants were given contamination items from two popular measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder, half prior to being primed about ethnic identity and half after being primed, via the administration of an ethnic identity measure. The experiment took the form of a 2 (Black and White participant) X 2 (ethnicity salient and ethnicity non-salient) double-blind design, with ethnic saliency assigned at random by computer. Participants consisted of a geographically representative US sample of African Americans supplemented with a similar sample of European Americans (N=258). Black participants scored significantly higher than White participants on contamination scales. Participants from Southern states scored higher than those from other regions. Over-endorsements by Black participants were greater when awareness of ethnic and racial identification was increased. Clinical and research implications were discussed; these measures should be used with caution in African Americans.
非裔美国人在污染焦虑的自我报告测量中显示出异常高的认同率。本研究的目的是在一个具有全国代表性的样本中重复这一发现，并进行一项随机实验，以确定种族显著性作为一个因果因素的影响。通过实施一项种族认同测量，对黑人和白人参与者给出两份常用的强迫症测量中的污染项目，一半在启动种族身份之前，一半在启动之后。该实验采用2（黑人和白人参与者）×2（种族显著和种族不显著）双盲设计，种族显著性由计算机随机分配。参与者包括一个具有地理代表性的美国非裔样本以及一个类似的美国白人样本（N = 258）。黑人参与者在污染量表上的得分显著高于白人参与者。来自南部各州的参与者得分高于其他地区的参与者。当种族和族裔认同意识增强时，黑人参与者的过度认同更为明显。讨论了临床和研究意义；在非裔美国人中使用这些测量时应谨慎。
