Bui-Mansfield Liem T, Cressler Dana K
Department of Radiology, Brook Army Medical Center, 3851 Rodger Brook Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA.
Mil Med. 2011 Nov;176(11):1327-34. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-11-00048.
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a potentially fatal infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its etiologic agents are viruses of the genus Hantavirus of the virus family Bunyaviridae. Hypothetical ease of production and distribution of these agents, with their propensity to incapacitate victims and overwhelm health care resources, lend themselves as significant potential biological agents of terrorism. HFRS has protean clinical manifestations, which may mimic upper respiratory tract infection, nephrolithiasis, and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and may delay proper treatment. Sequelae of HFRS, such as hemorrhage, acute renal failure, retroperitoneal edema, pancreatitis, pulmonary edema, and neurologic symptoms, can be detected by different imaging modalities. Medical providers caring for HFRS patients must be aware of its radiologic features, which may help to confirm its clinical diagnosis. In this article, the authors review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of HFRS.
肾综合征出血热（HFRS）是一种分布于全球的潜在致命性传染病。其病原体是布尼亚病毒科汉坦病毒属的病毒。鉴于这些病原体易于生产和传播，且有使受害者丧失能力并耗尽医疗资源的倾向，它们很有可能成为重要的生物恐怖主义制剂。HFRS有多种临床表现，可能会被误诊为上呼吸道感染、肾结石和汉坦病毒肺综合征，从而延误正确治疗。HFRS的后遗症，如出血、急性肾衰竭、腹膜后水肿、胰腺炎、肺水肿和神经症状等，可通过不同的影像学检查手段检测出来。治疗HFRS患者的医务人员必须了解其影像学特征，这可能有助于临床诊断。在本文中，作者回顾了肾综合征出血热的流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现、诊断、治疗及并发症。
