Mediterranean Diet Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Dec;14(12A):2274-84. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011002515.
To present the Mediterranean diet (MD) pyramid: a lifestyle for today.
A new graphic representation has been conceived as a simplified main frame to be adapted to the different nutritional and socio-economic contexts of the Mediterranean region. This review gathers updated recommendations considering the lifestyle, dietary, sociocultural, environmental and health challenges that the current Mediterranean populations are facing.
Mediterranean region and its populations.
Many innovations have arisen since previous graphical representations of the MD. First, the concept of composition of the 'main meals' is introduced to reinforce the plant-based core of the dietary pattern. Second, frugality and moderation is emphasised because of the major public health challenge of obesity. Third, qualitative cultural and lifestyle elements are taken into account, such as conviviality, culinary activities, physical activity and adequate rest, along with proportion and frequency recommendations of food consumption. These innovations are made without omitting other items associated with the production, selection, processing and consumption of foods, such as seasonality, biodiversity, and traditional, local and eco-friendly products.
Adopting a healthy lifestyle and preserving cultural elements should be considered in order to acquire all the benefits from the MD and preserve this cultural heritage. Considering the acknowledgment of the MD as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO (2010), and taking into account its contribution to health and general well-being, we hope to contribute to a much better adherence to this healthy dietary pattern and its way of life with this new graphic representation.
呈现地中海饮食（Mediterranean diet，MD）金字塔：今日之生活方式。
构思了一种新的图形表示法，作为简化的主框架，以适应地中海区域不同的营养和社会经济背景。本综述汇集了最新的推荐意见，考虑了当前地中海人群面临的生活方式、饮食、社会文化、环境和健康挑战。
地中海区域及其人群。
自以前的 MD 图形表示以来，出现了许多创新。首先，引入了“主餐”构成的概念，以加强饮食模式的植物性核心。其次，由于肥胖是一个重大的公共卫生挑战，因此强调了节俭和适度。第三，考虑了定性的文化和生活方式元素，例如欢乐、烹饪活动、身体活动和适当的休息，以及食物消费的比例和频率建议。这些创新并没有忽略与食品生产、选择、加工和消费相关的其他项目，例如季节性、生物多样性以及传统、本地和环保产品。
为了从 MD 中获得所有益处并保护这一文化遗产，应考虑采用健康的生活方式和保留文化元素。考虑到 MD 被联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）确认为人类非物质文化遗产（2010 年），并考虑到其对健康和整体福祉的贡献，我们希望通过这种新的图形表示法，为更好地坚持这种健康饮食模式及其生活方式做出贡献。
