Bober Julia, Gaszyńska Ewelina
International Doctoral School, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 14;17(16):2636. doi: 10.3390/nu17162636.
The Mediterranean diet is widely recognised for its health benefits and remains a key reference point in shaping dietary guidelines across populations. Despite its growing international relevance, there is a lack of validated tools assessing Mediterranean diet adherence among children and adolescents in Central and Eastern Europe.
The present study aimed to adapt and validate the KIDMED 2.0 questionnaire for use in Polish children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years (KIDMED 2.0 PL). The adaptation process involved forward-backward translation, expert consultations, and pilot testing to ensure linguistic and cultural relevance. A total of 102 participants completed the questionnaire twice over a two-week interval, and anthropometric data were collected.
The KIDMED 2.0 PL demonstrated high test-retest reliability (Spearman's ρ = 0.876; < 0.001) and strong criterion validity, with a significant negative correlation between KIDMED scores and BMI centile (ρ = -0.854; < 0.001). Children with normal weight showed the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet, while scores were significantly lower in overweight and obese participants. Item-level analysis indicated that fruit and vegetable consumption was relatively frequent, whereas intake of legumes, whole grains, and extra virgin olive oil remained low.
The KIDMED 2.0 PL is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating diet quality and Mediterranean dietary adherence in the Polish pediatric population.
地中海饮食因其对健康有益而被广泛认可，并且仍然是制定各人群饮食指南的关键参考标准。尽管其国际相关性日益增加，但在中欧和东欧地区，缺乏经过验证的工具来评估儿童和青少年对地中海饮食的依从性。
本研究旨在对KIDMED 2.0问卷进行改编和验证，以用于波兰10至18岁的儿童和青少年（KIDMED 2.0 PL）。改编过程包括前后翻译、专家咨询和预试验，以确保语言和文化的相关性。共有102名参与者在两周的间隔内完成了两次问卷，并收集了人体测量数据。
KIDMED 2.0 PL显示出高重测信度（Spearman's ρ = 0.876；<0.001）和强效标效度，KIDMED得分与BMI百分位数之间存在显著负相关（ρ = -0.854；<0.001）。体重正常的儿童对地中海饮食的依从性最高，而超重和肥胖参与者的得分则显著较低。项目层面分析表明，水果和蔬菜的摄入量相对较高，而豆类、全谷物和特级初榨橄榄油的摄入量仍然较低。
KIDMED 2.0 PL是评估波兰儿童人群饮食质量和地中海饮食依从性的有效且可靠的工具。
