住院精神科患者超重和糖尿病的危险因素。
Risk factors for overweight and diabetes mellitus in residential psychiatric patients.
机构信息
Division of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
出版信息
Obes Facts. 2011;4(5):341-5. doi: 10.1159/000333420. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for overweight and diabetes mellitus in long-stay psychiatric inpatients.
METHOD
Statistical analysis of data collected from medical, laboratory, and pharmacy files.
RESULTS
80% of the 256 patients were suffering from schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 15%. The prevalence of a disturbed glucose tolerance was 14%. Severe overweight (BMI > 30) was positively associated with the use of clozapine (odds ratio (OR) = 2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-5.75), but negatively with the diagnosis schizophrenia (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.22-0.88). Diabetes mellitus was associated with severe overweight (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.57-7.69). Caucasian patients were at a lower risk for diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.2; 95% CI: 0.08-0.54).
CONCLUSIONS
In residential psychiatric patients, diabetes mellitus is especially associated with overweight and non-Caucasian origin. In this survey, the use of clozapine was associated with overweight, but not directly with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent, which calls for screening for diabetes mellitus at regular intervals.
目的
调查长期住院精神科患者超重和糖尿病的患病率及相关危险因素。
方法
对来自医疗、实验室和药房档案的数据进行统计分析。
结果
256 名患者中有 80%患有精神分裂症或其他精神障碍。糖尿病的患病率为 15%。葡萄糖耐量受损的患病率为 14%。严重超重（BMI＞30）与使用氯氮平呈正相关（比值比（OR）=2.7；95%置信区间（CI）：1.31-5.75），但与精神分裂症诊断呈负相关（OR=0.4；95%CI：0.22-0.88）。糖尿病与严重超重有关（OR=3.5；95%CI：1.57-7.69）。白种人患者患糖尿病的风险较低（OR=0.2；95%CI：0.08-0.54）。
结论
在住院精神科患者中，糖尿病尤其与超重和非白种人有关。在本研究中，氯氮平的使用与超重有关，但与糖尿病无直接关系。糖尿病的患病率很高，这就需要定期进行糖尿病筛查。
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