Shafie Saleha, Lee Siau Pheng, Ong Samantha Bee Cheng, Wang Peizhi, Seow Esmond, Ong Hui Lin, Chong Siow Ann, Subramaniam Mythily
Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Nursing Administration, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 2018 Sep;59(9):465-471. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2018020. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Patients with schizophrenia have shorter life expectancy and one of the main causes of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Modifiable risk factors for CVD include diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidaemia. This study aimed to establish: (a) the prevalence and correlates of DM and dyslipidaemia; (b) the proportion of those whose condition was well controlled; and (c) the incidence of undiagnosed DM and dyslipidaemia in a long-stay inpatient schizophrenia population.
Data was collected to assess the physical health status of 110 inpatients with schizophrenia who had been in hospital for over one year. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosis of physical and mental illnesses, and current medications was obtained from their medical records. The overall prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was based on diagnosis in the medical records, current medications and fasting blood test results.
The patient group was predominantly male (85.5%), with a mean age of 55.9 ± 9.9 (range 25-90) years. Overall prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was 19.1% and 62.7%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Malay (odds ratio [OR] 14.97) and Indian (OR 25.71) patients were significantly more likely to have DM when compared to Chinese patients.
In comparison to the general population, the prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was found to be higher in inpatients with schizophrenia. However, the two chronic illnesses were well controlled in inpatients and few were undiagnosed, perhaps due to the regular monitoring, supervised diet and regular physical activities arranged for inpatients in the long-stay inpatient wards.
精神分裂症患者的预期寿命较短，主要死因之一是心血管疾病（CVD）。CVD的可改变风险因素包括糖尿病（DM）和血脂异常。本研究旨在确定：（a）DM和血脂异常的患病率及其相关因素；（b）病情得到良好控制的患者比例；（c）长期住院的精神分裂症患者中未被诊断出的DM和血脂异常的发生率。
收集数据以评估110名住院超过一年的精神分裂症患者的身体健康状况。从他们的病历中获取社会人口学特征、身心疾病诊断和当前用药信息。DM和血脂异常的总体患病率基于病历诊断、当前用药情况和空腹血液检查结果。
患者组以男性为主（85.5%），平均年龄为55.9±9.9岁（范围25 - 90岁）。DM和血脂异常的总体患病率分别为19.1%和62.7%。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，与中国患者相比，马来族（优势比[OR] 14.97）和印度族（OR 25.71）患者患DM的可能性显著更高。
与普通人群相比，精神分裂症住院患者中DM和血脂异常的患病率更高。然而，这两种慢性病在住院患者中得到了良好控制，未被诊断出的患者很少，这可能是由于长期住院病房为患者安排了定期监测、监督饮食和定期体育活动。
