Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2012 Jan;237(1):64-76. doi: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011161. Epub 2011 Dec 14.
Helonias dioica (HD) is a threatened species of herb growing in North America. It is used as a traditional medicine for treating various ailments particularly related to reproductive issues. The root is reported to contain approximately 10% of a saponin (chamaelirin; C(36)H(62)O(18)) apart from certain other fatty acids. As saponins are known to have hypoglycemic effects, we suspected its possible antihyperglycemic potentials. We injected intraperitoneally alloxan (ALX) at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) to induce hyperglycemia in mice and tested possible hypoglycemic effects of HD in vivo by deploying two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg bw, respectively). We also tested its effects on the isolated pancreatic islets cells in vitro. We used various standard protocols like reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA damage, activities of biomarkers like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidase (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) of the pancreas tissue and glucokinase and glycogen content of the liver of hyperglycemic mice. With a mechanistic approach, we also tracked down the possible signaling pathway involved. We found an elevated level of ROS generation, LPO and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), p38 Map kinase (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor (NF)-κβ, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), cytochrome c, caspase 3, poly [ADP ribose] polymerase (PARP) and cyclo oxygenase 2 (COX2) in ALX-induced diabetic mouse. Treatment of hyperglycemic mice with both the doses of HD showed a significant decrease with respect to all these parameters of study. Thus, our results suggest that HD prevents ALX-induced islet cell damage and possesses antihyperglycemic and antioxidative potentials.
黄精（HD）是一种生长在北美的受威胁草本植物物种。它被用作传统药物，用于治疗各种疾病，特别是与生殖问题有关的疾病。据报道，其根含有大约 10％的皂甙（chamaelirin；C（36）H（62）O（18））以及某些其他脂肪酸。由于已知皂甙具有降血糖作用，我们怀疑其可能具有抗高血糖作用。我们以 200mg/kg 体重（bw）的剂量向小鼠腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素（ALX）以诱导高血糖，并通过施用两种剂量（分别为 100 和 200mg/kg bw）在体内测试 HD 的可能降血糖作用。我们还在体外测试了其对分离的胰岛细胞的作用。我们使用了各种标准方案，如活性氧（ROS）的产生和 DNA 损伤，以及生物标志物的活性，如胰腺组织中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脂质过氧化物（LPO）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）以及肝脏中的葡糖激酶和糖原含量。通过一种机制方法，我们还追踪了可能涉及的信号通路。我们发现 ROS 的产生水平升高，LPO 和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、p38 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38 MAPK）、核因子（NF）-κβ、干扰素 γ（IFN-γ）、细胞色素 c、半胱天冬酶 3、多聚[ADP 核糖]聚合酶（PARP）和环氧化酶 2（COX2）在 ALX 诱导的糖尿病小鼠中过度表达。用 HD 的两种剂量治疗高血糖小鼠，与所有这些研究参数相比，均显示出显著下降。因此，我们的结果表明，HD 可防止 ALX 诱导的胰岛细胞损伤，具有抗高血糖和抗氧化作用。
