Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
J Invest Dermatol. 2012 Mar;132(3 Pt 2):896-905. doi: 10.1038/jid.2011.405. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
UV radiation targets the skin and is a primary cause of skin cancer (both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer). Exposure to UV radiation also suppresses the immune response, and UV-induced immune suppression is a major risk factor for skin cancer induction. The efforts of dermatologists and cancer biologists to understand how UV radiation exposure suppresses the immune response and contributes to skin cancer induction led to the development of the subdiscipline we call photoimmunology. Advances in photoimmunology have generally paralleled advances in immunology. However, there are a number of examples in which investigations into the mechanisms underlying UV-induced immune suppression reshaped our understanding of basic immunological concepts. Unconventional immune regulatory roles for Langerhans cells, mast cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells, as well as the immune-suppressive function of lipid mediators of inflammation and alarmins, are just some examples of how advances in immunodermatology have altered our understanding of basic immunology. In this anniversary issue celebrating 75 years of cutaneous science, we provide examples of how concepts that grew out of efforts by immunologists and dermatologists to understand immune regulation by UV radiation affected immunology in general.
紫外线辐射会损害皮肤，是导致皮肤癌（包括黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌）的主要原因之一。紫外线辐射还会抑制免疫反应，而紫外线诱导的免疫抑制是导致皮肤癌发生的主要危险因素。皮肤科医生和癌症生物学家为了研究紫外线辐射如何抑制免疫反应并导致皮肤癌而努力，这促成了我们称之为光免疫学的一个分支学科的发展。光免疫学的进展通常与免疫学的进展平行。然而，有许多例子表明，对紫外线诱导的免疫抑制机制的研究改变了我们对基本免疫学概念的理解。朗格汉斯细胞、肥大细胞和自然杀伤 T（NKT）细胞的非传统免疫调节作用，以及炎症和警报素的脂质介质的免疫抑制功能，仅仅是免疫皮肤科学进展如何改变我们对基本免疫学理解的一些例子。在这个庆祝皮肤科学 75 周年的特刊中，我们提供了一些例子，说明免疫学家和皮肤科医生为了理解紫外线辐射对免疫的调节作用而提出的概念如何影响了一般的免疫学。
