Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marywood University, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012 May;20(5):985-92. doi: 10.1038/oby.2011.360. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
Eating frequency has been inversely related to BMI but the impact of eating frequency on weight loss is unclear. This randomized controlled trial pilot study examined the effect of eating frequency on hunger, energy intake, and weight loss during a 6-month behavioral weight loss intervention. Participants (age: 51.0 ± 9.9 years, BMI: 35.5 ± 4.8 kg/m(2), 57.8% female, 94.1% white) were randomized to one of two eating frequency prescriptions: Three meal (n = 25): three eating bouts/day; or grazing (n = 26): eat at least 100 kcals every 2-3 h. Both groups attended 20 sessions and had identical dietary (1,200-1,500 kcals/day, <30% kcals from fat) and physical activity goals (200 min/week). Assessments were conducted at 0, 3, and 6 months. Using intent-to-treat analyses, grazing reported a greater eating frequency than three meal at 6 months (5.8 ± 1.1 eating bouts/day vs. 3.2 ± 0.6 eating bouts/day, P < 0.001). Grazing reported a significant reduction in hunger from 0 to 6 months (56.3 ± 15.7 mm vs. 47.9 ± 18.5 mm, P < 0.05). Energy intake and BMI were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced from 0 to 6 months (energy intake: 2,198 ± 692 kcals/day vs. 1,266 ± 353 kcals/day; BMI: 35.5 ± 4.8 kg/m(2) vs. 30.6 ± 4.9 kg/m(2)). There were no significant differences in energy intake or BMI between the groups. While eating more frequently reduced hunger, it may not be related to greater reductions in energy intake or BMI during a behavioral weight loss intervention.
进食频率与 BMI 呈负相关，但进食频率对体重减轻的影响尚不清楚。这项随机对照试验初步研究旨在探讨在为期 6 个月的行为减肥干预期间，进食频率对饥饿感、能量摄入和体重减轻的影响。参与者（年龄：51.0 ± 9.9 岁，BMI：35.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2，57.8%为女性，94.1%为白人）被随机分为两种进食频率方案之一：三餐（n = 25）：每天三顿进食；或随意进食（n = 26）：每 2-3 小时至少进食 100 卡路里。两组均参加 20 次课程，且饮食（1200-1500 卡路里/天，脂肪热量<30%）和身体活动目标相同（每周 200 分钟）。在 0、3 和 6 个月时进行评估。通过意向治疗分析，随意进食组在 6 个月时报告的进食频率高于三餐组（5.8 ± 1.1 餐/天 vs. 3.2 ± 0.6 餐/天，P < 0.001）。随意进食组从 0 到 6 个月时饥饿感显著降低（56.3 ± 15.7 mm vs. 47.9 ± 18.5 mm，P < 0.05）。从 0 到 6 个月时能量摄入和 BMI 显著降低（能量摄入：2198 ± 692 卡路里/天 vs. 1266 ± 353 卡路里/天；BMI：35.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2 vs. 30.6 ± 4.9 kg/m2）。两组间能量摄入或 BMI 无显著差异。虽然更频繁地进食可降低饥饿感，但这可能与行为减肥干预期间能量摄入或 BMI 的减少无关。
