Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Genetics. 2011 Dec;189(4):1145-75. doi: 10.1534/genetics.111.128264.
The yeast cell wall is a strong, but elastic, structure that is essential not only for the maintenance of cell shape and integrity, but also for progression through the cell cycle. During growth and morphogenesis, and in response to environmental challenges, the cell wall is remodeled in a highly regulated and polarized manner, a process that is principally under the control of the cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway. This pathway transmits wall stress signals from the cell surface to the Rho1 GTPase, which mobilizes a physiologic response through a variety of effectors. Activation of CWI signaling regulates the production of various carbohydrate polymers of the cell wall, as well as their polarized delivery to the site of cell wall remodeling. This review article centers on CWI signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through the cell cycle and in response to cell wall stress. The interface of this signaling pathway with other pathways that contribute to the maintenance of cell wall integrity is also discussed.
酵母细胞壁是一种坚固而有弹性的结构,不仅对于维持细胞形状和完整性至关重要,而且对于细胞周期的进展也至关重要。在生长和形态发生过程中,以及对环境挑战的反应中,细胞壁以高度调控和极化的方式进行重塑,这个过程主要受到细胞壁完整性(CWI)信号通路的控制。该通路将细胞壁表面的壁压信号传递给 Rho1 GTPase,后者通过多种效应物调动生理反应。CWI 信号的激活调节细胞壁中各种碳水化合物聚合物的产生,以及它们向细胞壁重塑部位的极化输送。本文综述了酿酒酵母通过细胞周期和响应细胞壁压力的 CWI 信号,同时还讨论了该信号通路与其他有助于维持细胞壁完整性的通路的相互作用。