Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 Jan 30;201-202:52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.013. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
Phytoremediation can be a suitable option to manage derelict mine soils. A pot experiment was carried out under semi-controlled conditions with a mine-impacted soil. A further contamination event was mimicked by applying 5% of pyritic sludge. Four species were planted in pots (Myrtus communis, Retama sphaerocarpa, Rosmarinus officinalis and Tamarix gallica), and some pots remained unplanted as a control. The substrates were moderately to highly contaminated, mainly with arsenic and zinc. The strong acidification induced by the pyritic sludge was buffered with lime and plants survived in all the pots. Liming provoked an effective immobilisation of metals and arsenic. Plant establishment decreased labile As in the substrate by 50%, mainly M. communis, although the levels of extractable metals were not affected by the plants. R. sphaerocarpa and M. communis increased the levels of C and N in the soil by 23% and 34% respectively, and also enhanced enzymatic activities and microbial respiration to the double in some cases. The low transfer of trace elements to shoots limited the phytoextraction rate. Our results support the use of phytostabilisation in Mediterranean mine soils and show how plants of R. sphaerocarpa and M. communis may increase soil health and quality during revegetation.
植物修复可以作为管理废弃矿山土壤的一种合适选择。在半控制条件下，进行了一项利用受矿山影响土壤的盆栽实验。通过施加 5%的硫化污泥来模拟进一步的污染事件。四种植物（桃金娘、滨藜、迷迭香和柽柳）种植在盆中，一些盆中未种植植物作为对照。基质受到中度到高度污染，主要是砷和锌。硫化污泥引起的强烈酸化用石灰缓冲，所有盆中的植物都存活下来。石灰的施用有效地固定了金属和砷。植物的定植使基质中可利用的砷减少了 50%，主要是桃金娘，尽管植物并没有影响可提取金属的含量。滨藜和桃金娘分别将土壤中的 C 和 N 水平提高了 23%和 34%，在某些情况下，还将酶活性和微生物呼吸提高了一倍。痕量元素向地上部分的低转移限制了植物提取的速率。我们的结果支持在地中海矿山土壤中使用植物稳定化技术，并展示了滨藜和桃金娘等植物如何在植被恢复过程中提高土壤健康和质量。
