Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Mar;26(1):166-70. doi: 10.1037/a0026202. Epub 2011 Dec 19.
The present study was an experimental analogue that examined the relationship between gambling-related irrational beliefs and risky gambling behavior. Eighty high-frequency gamblers were randomly assigned to four conditions and played a chance-based computer game in a laboratory setting. Depending on the condition, during the game a pop-up screen repeatedly displayed either accurate or inaccurate messages concerning the game, neutral messages, or no messages. Consistent with a cognitive-behavioral model of gambling, accurate messages that correctly described the random contingencies governing the game decreased risky gambling behavior. Contrary to predictions, inaccurate messages designed to mimic gamblers' irrational beliefs about their abilities to influence chance events did not lead to more risky gambling behavior than exposure to neutral or no messages. Participants in the latter three conditions did not differ significantly from one another and all showed riskier gambling behavior than participants in the accurate message condition. The results suggest that harm minimization strategies that help individuals maintain a rational perspective while gambling may protect them from unreasonable risk-taking.
本研究是一项实验模拟，旨在检验与赌博相关的非理性信念与冒险赌博行为之间的关系。80 名高频赌博者被随机分配到四个条件组，并在实验室环境中玩基于机会的电脑游戏。根据条件的不同，在游戏过程中，一个弹出屏幕会反复显示关于游戏的准确或不准确的信息、中性信息或无信息。与赌博的认知-行为模型一致，准确地描述了控制游戏的随机事件的信息减少了冒险赌博行为。与预测相反，旨在模拟赌徒关于影响机会事件能力的非理性信念的不准确信息并没有导致比接触中性或无信息更冒险的赌博行为。后三种条件下的参与者彼此之间没有显著差异，而且所有参与者的赌博行为都比接受准确信息条件下的参与者更为冒险。研究结果表明，帮助个体在赌博时保持理性观点的最小化伤害策略可能会保护他们避免不合理的冒险行为。
