Molina D Kimberley, DiMaio Vincent J M
Bexar County Medical Examiner's Office, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012 Dec;33(4):368-72. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad.
Organomegaly can be a sign of disease and pathologic abnormality, although standard tables defining organomegaly have yet to be established and universally accepted. This study was designed to address the issue and to determine a normal weight for the major organs in adult human males. A prospective study of healthy men aged 18 to 35 years who died of sudden, traumatic deaths was undertaken. Cases were excluded if there was a history of medical illness including illicit drug use, if prolonged medical treatment was performed, if there was a prolonged period between the time of injury and death, if body length and weight could not be accurately assessed, or if any illness or intoxication was identified after gross and microscopic analysis including evidence of systemic disease. Individual organs were excluded if there was significant injury to the organ, which could have affected the weight. A total of 232 cases met criteria for inclusion in the study during the approximately 6-year period of data collection from 2005 to 2011. The decedents had a mean age of 23.9 years and ranged in length from 146 to 193 cm, with a mean length of 173 cm. The weight ranged from 48.5 to 153 kg, with a mean weight of 76.4 kg. Most decedents (87%) died of either ballistic or blunt force (including craniocerebral) injuries. The mean weight of the brain was 1407 g (range, 1070-1767 g), that of the liver was 1561 g (range, 838-2584 g), that of the spleen was 139 g (range, 43-344 g), that of the right lung was 445 g (range, 185-967 g), that of the left lung was 395 g (range, 186-885 g), that of the right kidney was 129 g (range, 79-223 g), and that of the left kidney was 137 g (range, 74-235 g). Regression analysis was performed and showed that there were insufficient associations between organ weight and body length, body weight, and body mass index to allow for predictability. The authors, therefore, propose establishing a reference range for organ weights in men, much like those in use for other laboratory tests including hemoglobin, hematocrit, or glucose. The following reference ranges (95% inclusion) are proposed: brain, 1179-1621 g; liver, 968-1860 g; spleen, 28-226 g; right lung, 155-720 g; left lung, 112-675 g; right kidney, 81-160 g; and left kidney, 83-176 g.
器官肿大可能是疾病和病理异常的一个迹象，尽管尚未建立并普遍接受定义器官肿大的标准表格。本研究旨在解决这一问题，并确定成年男性主要器官的正常重量。对18至35岁因突发创伤性死亡的健康男性进行了一项前瞻性研究。如果有包括非法药物使用在内的病史、进行过长时间的医疗治疗、受伤与死亡之间间隔过长、无法准确评估身长和体重，或者在大体和显微镜分析后发现任何疾病或中毒（包括全身性疾病的证据），则将病例排除。如果器官受到严重损伤从而可能影响其重量，则将该单个器官排除。在2005年至2011年大约6年的数据收集期间，共有232例符合纳入该研究的标准。死者的平均年龄为23.9岁，身长范围为146至193厘米，平均身长为173厘米。体重范围为48.5至153千克，平均体重为76.4千克。大多数死者（87%）死于弹道伤或钝器伤（包括颅脑伤）。脑的平均重量为1407克（范围为1070 - 1767克），肝脏为1561克（范围为838 - 2584克），脾脏为139克（范围为43 - 344克），右肺为445克（范围为185 - 967克），左肺为395克（范围为186 - 885克），右肾为129克（范围为79 - 223克），左肾为137克（范围为74 - 235克）。进行了回归分析，结果表明器官重量与身长、体重和体重指数之间的关联不足，无法进行预测。因此，作者提议为男性器官重量建立一个参考范围，类似于用于其他实验室检查（包括血红蛋白、血细胞比容或血糖）的参考范围。提议的以下参考范围（95%包含区间）为：脑，1179 - 1621克；肝脏，968 - 1860克；脾脏，28 - 226克；右肺，155 - 720克；左肺，112 - 675克；右肾，81 - 160克；左肾，83 - 176克。
