Lowe Rohan, Jubault Mélanie, Canning Gail, Urban Martin, Hammond-Kosack Kim E
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Centre for Sustainable Pest and Disease Management, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;835:439-55. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-501-5_27.
In recent years, many Fusarium species have emerged which now threaten the productivity and safety of small grain cereal crops worldwide. During floral infection and post-harvest on stored grains the Fusarium hyphae produce various types of harmful mycotoxins which subsequently contaminate food and feed products. This article focuses specifically on the induction and production of the type B sesquiterpenoid trichothecene mycotoxins. Methods are described which permit in liquid culture the small or large scale production and detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its various acetylated derivatives. A wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ear inoculation assay is also explained which allows the direct comparison of mycotoxin production by species, chemotypes and strains with different growth rates and/or disease-causing abilities. Each of these methods is robust and can be used for either detailed time-course studies or end-point analyses. Various analytical methods are available to quantify the levels of DON, 3A-DON and 15A-DON. Some criteria to be considered when making selections between the different analytical methods available are briefly discussed.
近年来，出现了许多镰刀菌物种，它们现在威胁着全球小粒谷类作物的生产力和安全性。在花期感染和收获后储存的谷物上，镰刀菌菌丝体会产生各种有害的霉菌毒素，随后污染食品和饲料产品。本文特别关注B型倍半萜类单端孢霉烯族霉菌毒素的诱导和产生。文中描述了在液体培养中大规模或小规模生产和检测脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及其各种乙酰化衍生物的方法。还解释了一种小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）穗接种试验，该试验可以直接比较不同生长速率和/或致病能力的物种、化学型和菌株产生霉菌毒素的情况。这些方法中的每一种都很可靠，可用于详细的时间进程研究或终点分析。有多种分析方法可用于量化DON、3A-DON和15A-DON的水平。简要讨论了在可用的不同分析方法之间进行选择时需要考虑的一些标准。
