Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA.
Poult Sci. 2012 Jan;91(1):189-96. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01501.
Parthenogenesis, embryonic development of an unfertilized egg, has been studied extensively in turkeys. Recently it has been revealed that parthenogenesis also occurs in Chinese Painted quail, and the percentage of eggs exhibiting parthenogenesis is negatively correlated with clutch sequence position. In broiler breeders, it has been reported that the first egg of a clutch sequence loses less egg weight during incubation than subsequent eggs. Because the incidence of parthenogenesis is greater and egg weight loss is less in the first egg of a clutch sequence, it is possible that egg weight loss is less in parthenogenetic eggs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between egg weight loss (a measure of eggshell quality) and parthenogenesis. Daily, individual eggs were collected and labeled. To determine egg weight loss, eggs were weighed before setting and then again after 10 d of incubation. Eggs were stored for 0 to 3 d at 20°C and incubated at 37.5°C. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine if relationships existed between egg weight loss and average incidence of parthenogenesis, parthenogen size, egg storage, and average clutch sequence position for all hens examined (157) as well as only for hens that exhibited parthenogenesis (102). The percentage of egg weight loss was negatively correlated with the incidence of parthenogenetic eggs and parthenogen size. However, the percentage of egg weight loss was positively correlated with average clutch position. In conclusion, it appears that eggshell quality possibly influences the incidence of parthenogenesis in Chinese Painted quail eggs because as the percentage of egg weight loss decreases, the incidence of parthenogenesis increases.
孤雌生殖，即未受精卵子的胚胎发育，在火鸡中已得到广泛研究。最近发现，孤雌生殖也发生在中国彩鹌鹑中，且孤雌生殖的比例与产蛋序列位置呈负相关。在肉鸡种鸡中，已有报道称产蛋序列中的第一枚蛋在孵化过程中的失重比后续蛋少。由于产蛋序列中的第一枚蛋的孤雌生殖发生率较高，失重较少，因此，孤雌生殖蛋的失重可能较少。因此，本研究的目的是确定鸡蛋失重（蛋壳质量的衡量指标）与孤雌生殖之间是否存在关系。每天，收集并标记单个鸡蛋。为了确定鸡蛋失重，在入孵前称重鸡蛋，然后在孵化 10 天后再次称重。鸡蛋在 20°C 下储存 0 至 3 天，然后在 37.5°C 下孵化。皮尔逊相关系数用于确定鸡蛋失重与所有检查母鸡（157 只）的孤雌生殖平均发生率、孤雌生殖大小、鸡蛋储存以及平均产蛋序列位置之间是否存在关系，以及仅对表现出孤雌生殖的母鸡（102 只）之间是否存在关系。鸡蛋失重的百分比与孤雌生殖蛋的发生率和孤雌生殖大小呈负相关。然而，鸡蛋失重的百分比与平均产蛋序列位置呈正相关。总之，鸡蛋壳质量似乎可能影响中国彩鹌鹑蛋的孤雌生殖发生率，因为随着鸡蛋失重百分比的降低，孤雌生殖的发生率增加。
