Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Tissue Cell. 2012 Apr;44(2):69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2011.11.005. Epub 2011 Dec 18.
The main purpose of the article is to review recent knowledge about growth factors and their effect on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under in vitro conditions. Damaged or lost articular cartilage leads to progressive debilitation, which have major impact on the life quality of the affected individuals of both sexes in all age groups. Mature hyaline cartilage has a very low self-repair potential due to intrinsic properties - lack of innervation and vascular supply. Another limiting factor is low mitotic potential of chondrocytes. Small defects are healed by migration of chondrocytes, while large ones are healed by formation of inferior fibrocartilage. However, in many cases osteoarthritis develops. Recently, cellular therapy combining mesenchymal stem cells and proper differentiation factors seems to be promising tool for hyaline cartilage defects healing.
本文的主要目的是综述近年来关于生长因子及其在体外条件下对间充质干细胞软骨分化影响的知识。关节软骨的损伤或丢失会导致进行性衰弱，这会对所有年龄段的男女患者的生活质量产生重大影响。成熟的透明软骨由于内在特性——缺乏神经支配和血管供应，自我修复能力非常低。另一个限制因素是软骨细胞的有丝分裂潜力低。小的缺损通过软骨细胞的迁移来愈合，而大的缺损则通过形成低级纤维软骨来愈合。然而，在许多情况下，骨关节炎会发展。最近，将间充质干细胞和适当的分化因子结合起来的细胞疗法似乎是治疗透明软骨缺损的一种很有前途的方法。
