Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim, Schiavo Rafaela de Almeida
Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2011 Sep;33(9):252-7. doi: 10.1590/s0100-72032011000900006.
To describe and compare the phases of stress of primiparae in the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum, associating them with the occurrence of postpartum depression.
The study consisted of two stages (Stage 1 and Stage 2), characterized as longitudinal research. Ninety-eight primiparae participated in Stage 1, and 64 of them participated in Stage 2. In Stage 1, data were collected in the third trimester of pregnancy, and in Stage 2, at least 45 days after delivery. The Stress Symptoms Inventory Lipp (ISSL) was applied in Stage 1 and an interview was held to characterize the sample. In Stage 2, we applied again the ISSL and also the EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows®, version 17.0. The statistical analyses were performed using the Student's t-test and the Spearman p.
Seventy-eight percent of the participants showed significant signs of stress in the third quarter and 63% of them during the postpartum period, with a significant difference in the stress occurring in the third trimester and postpartum (t=2.20, p=0.03). There was also a correlation between the stress occurring during pregnancy and in the puerperium and the manifestation of postpartum depression (p<0.001).
More than half of the women experience significant stress signs during both pregnancy and the postpartum period. However, the frequency of onset of significant symptoms of stress was higher during pregnancy than during the puerperium. These results seem to be closely related to the manifestation of postpartum depression, indicating the relationship between stress and postpartum depression.
描述并比较初产妇妊娠晚期和产后的应激阶段，并将其与产后抑郁的发生相关联。
该研究包括两个阶段（阶段1和阶段2），为纵向研究。98名初产妇参与了阶段1，其中64人参与了阶段2。在阶段1，于妊娠晚期收集数据；在阶段2，于分娩后至少45天收集数据。在阶段1应用了利普应激症状量表（ISSL）并进行访谈以描述样本特征。在阶段2，再次应用ISSL以及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）。使用Windows版SPSS 17.0对数据进行分析。采用学生t检验和斯皮尔曼p值进行统计分析。
78%的参与者在妊娠晚期表现出明显的应激迹象，63%的参与者在产后出现明显应激迹象，妊娠晚期和产后的应激存在显著差异（t = 2.20，p = 0.03）。孕期和产褥期的应激与产后抑郁的表现之间也存在相关性（p < 0.001）。
超过一半的女性在孕期和产后都经历了明显的应激迹象。然而，应激明显症状的发作频率在孕期高于产褥期。这些结果似乎与产后抑郁的表现密切相关，表明应激与产后抑郁之间的关系。
