Büttner M, Czerny C P, Waldmann R, Mayr A
Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektions- und Seuchenmedizin, Tierärztlichen Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax. 1990 Aug;18(4):343-8.
New scientific findings in the field of immunobiology and diagnosis of parapoxvirus ovis (Orf-virus) as the causal agent of a zoonosis are presented. The adaptation of Orf-virus to cell lines and its in vitro multiplication without difficulties offer the possibility for extensive studies into the biology of parapoxviruses. The development of monoclonal antibodies (MAB) against an attenuated Orf-virus strain (D-1701) led to the elaboration of a simplified, cheap and highly sensitive "antigen detection ELISA" as a diagnostic tool. Moreover the MAB's can be used to identify parapoxvirus in cells of infected tissues (indirect immuno-peroxidase technique) which is an important precondition for more detailed surveillance of the pathogenesis of parapoxvirus infections. The immunobiological behavior of the Orf-virus in its natural hosts (small ruminants) as well as in non-susceptible species (e.g. laboratory animals) is explained by the course of cellular and humoral immune reactions following infection or vaccination. The problems of combat measures against contagious ecthyma (scabby mouth) of sheep and the human Orf-virus infections are discussed.
本文介绍了免疫生物学领域的新科学发现以及作为人畜共患病病原体的羊副痘病毒（orf病毒）的诊断方法。orf病毒能适应细胞系并在体外顺利增殖，这为深入研究副痘病毒生物学特性提供了可能。针对减毒orf病毒株（D - 1701）研制的单克隆抗体（MAB），促成了一种简化、廉价且高灵敏度的“抗原检测ELISA”诊断工具的开发。此外，单克隆抗体可用于在感染组织的细胞中鉴定副痘病毒（间接免疫过氧化物酶技术），这是更详细监测副痘病毒感染发病机制的重要前提。通过感染或接种后细胞免疫和体液免疫反应的过程，解释了orf病毒在其自然宿主（小型反刍动物）以及非易感物种（如实验动物）中的免疫生物学行为。讨论了针对绵羊传染性脓疱（烂嘴病）和人类orf病毒感染的防治措施问题。
