School of Exercise, Biomedical, and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Jan;26(1):152-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31821e4d5b.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the changes in performance indicators as they relate to strength and speed-strength development, over 2 years in a group of volleyball players who successfully transitioned from age group (U21) to senior national team in that time period. Sixteen male subjects (age: 18.5 ± 1.5 years, height: 2.00 ± 0.06 m, and weight: 88.4 ± 7.7 kg) participated in this 2-year longitudinal study. During the 24-month period of this investigation, all the subjects gained professional European contracts and also debuted with at least 1 senior national team match. These included, at a minimum, not only international friendly matches but also senior continental championships, World Championships, and the World Cup. Testing included 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and 3RM for the clean and squat, a maximum effort counter movement vertical jump (CMVJ), depth jump from a 0.35-m box (DJ), spike jump (with approach) (SPJ), and lower body speed-strength assessment with a body weight and body weight + 50% load. Large magnitude increases were observed for CMVJ, DJ, and SPJ over the 2-year period (d = 0.80, 0.82, and 0.94, respectively, p < 0.001). Unloaded (body weight) and loaded jump-squat performance also exhibited large improvements for all measured parameters, with very large increases in jump height in the unloaded (d = 1.21, p = 0.002) and loaded jump squat (d = 1.346, p < 0.001). Very large magnitude changes in 1RM Clean and 3RM Squat (d = 1.56 and 2.21, respectively, p < 0.001) were observed over the 2-year investigation period, and a large increase (d = 1.18, p < 0.001) in the lean mass ratio (mass/sum skinfolds). To progress from junior representation to senior national team, volleyball players must increase their CMVJ and SPJ. This is best accomplished through increasing lean mass, reducing fat mass, improving strength and speed strength, and developing high levels of stretch-load tolerance in stretch-shorten cycle activity.
本研究旨在探讨在一群成功从年龄组（U21）过渡到同期国家队的排球运动员中，与力量和速度力量发展相关的表现指标在 2 年内的变化。16 名男性受试者（年龄：18.5±1.5 岁，身高：2.00±0.06m，体重：88.4±7.7kg）参与了这项为期 2 年的纵向研究。在调查的 24 个月期间，所有受试者都获得了专业的欧洲合同，并至少在一场高级国家队比赛中首次亮相。这些比赛不仅包括国际友谊赛，还包括高级洲际锦标赛、世界锦标赛和世界杯。测试包括 1 次重复最大（1RM）和 3RM 清洁和深蹲，最大努力反向垂直跳跃（CMVJ），从 0.35m 箱子跳下的深度跳跃（DJ），带助跑的扣球跳跃（SPJ），以及使用体重和体重+50%负荷的下半身速度力量评估。在 2 年内，CMVJ、DJ 和 SPJ 观察到大幅度增加（d = 0.80、0.82 和 0.94，分别，p<0.001）。未加载（体重）和加载跳跃深蹲性能也显示出所有测量参数的大幅度提高，未加载跳跃高度的增加非常大（d = 1.21，p = 0.002）和加载跳跃深蹲（d = 1.346，p<0.001）。在 2 年的调查期间，1RM 清洁和 3RM 深蹲的变化幅度非常大（d = 1.56 和 2.21，分别，p<0.001），并且瘦体重比（质量/皮褶总和）的增加幅度很大（d = 1.18，p<0.001）。从青少年代表到高级国家队的进步，排球运动员必须提高他们的 CMVJ 和 SPJ。这最好通过增加瘦体重、减少脂肪量、提高力量和速度力量以及在拉伸-缩短循环活动中发展高水平的拉伸负荷耐受能力来实现。
