Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2012 Mar;21(1):340-52. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2011.11.005. Epub 2011 Dec 23.
The Metacognitive, Affective, Cognitive Experience (MACE) questionnaire was designed to assess metacognition across sleep and waking (Kahan & LaBerge, 1996). The present research evaluates the psychometric properties of the MACE. Data from two recent studies (N=185) were used to assess the inter-item consistency, test-retest reliability, and factorial, convergent, and discriminant validity of the MACE. Results show that the MACE is a reliable measure with good construct validity. Exploratory factor analyses revealed one self-regulation and two monitoring factors. One monitoring factor emphasized monitoring internal conditions; the other emphasized monitoring external conditions. This factor structure is consistent with the Metacognitive Model (Nelson & Narens, 1990). Tests of convergent and discriminant validity suggest that the MACE is assessing metacognition and is appropriately related to similar constructs such as mindfulness and self-consciousness. The implication of these findings as well as suggestions for research and clinical applications of the MACE are discussed.
元认知、情感、认知体验（MACE）问卷旨在评估睡眠和清醒状态下的元认知（Kahan & LaBerge，1996）。本研究评估了 MACE 的心理测量学特性。最近两项研究（N=185）的数据用于评估 MACE 的项目内一致性、重测信度以及因子、聚合和判别效度。结果表明，MACE 是一种可靠的具有良好结构效度的测量工具。探索性因子分析揭示了一个自我调节和两个监测因子。一个监测因子强调监测内部条件；另一个强调监测外部条件。这种因子结构与元认知模型（Nelson & Narens，1990）一致。聚合和判别效度检验表明，MACE 正在评估元认知，并且与正念和自我意识等类似结构适当相关。讨论了这些发现的意义以及 MACE 在研究和临床应用中的建议。
