Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Grisebachstrasse 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2012 Apr;15(2):132-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.12.001. Epub 2011 Dec 23.
Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) and small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) form densely interconnected networks that integrate and transduce information from the environment into fine-tuned changes of gene expression. Many TCSs control target genes indirectly through regulation of sRNAs, which in turn regulate gene expression by base-pairing with mRNAs or targeting a protein. Conversely, sRNAs may control TCS synthesis, thereby recruiting the TCS regulon to other regulatory networks. Several TCSs control expression of multiple homologous sRNAs providing the regulatory networks with further flexibility. These sRNAs act redundantly, additively or hierarchically on targets. The regulatory speed of sRNAs and their unique features in gene regulation make them ideal players extending the flexibility, dynamic range or timing of TCS signaling.
细菌双组分系统 (TCSs) 和小调控 RNA (sRNAs) 形成了密集的相互连接的网络，它们将环境中的信息整合并转化为基因表达的精细调节变化。许多 TCSs 通过调节 sRNAs 间接控制靶基因，而 sRNAs 则通过与 mRNA 碱基配对或靶向蛋白质来调节基因表达。相反，sRNAs 可能控制 TCS 的合成，从而将 TCS 调节子招募到其他调节网络中。一些 TCSs 控制多个同源 sRNAs 的表达，为调节网络提供了更大的灵活性。这些 sRNAs 对靶标起冗余、加性或分层作用。sRNAs 的调节速度及其在基因调控中的独特特征使它们成为理想的调控因子，可扩展 TCS 信号的灵活性、动态范围或时间。
