Genetic Toxicology, Biology, UNAM FES Iztacala, Av. Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, CP. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Mar;50(3-4):1082-90. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.006. Epub 2011 Dec 11.
Verbascoside (VB) is a phenylpropanoid isolated from Buddleja species, some of which originate in Mexico, and was first described in the sixteenth century in the codices of Mexican traditional medicine. VB is present in alcohol extracts and is widely used in the north of Mexico as a sunscreen. VB absorbs UV-A and UV-B radiation and has high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. VB and its constituent caffeic acid (CA) were screened to determine their genotoxic activity using the Drosophila wing spot test. Third instar larvae (72±4 h) of the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses, with regulated and high levels of cytochrome P450s (Cyp450s), respectively, were exposed to VB or CA (0, 27, 57, 81, 135, and 173 mM). VB was not genotoxic at any of the concentrations tested in both crosses. The amount of VB residue as determined by HPLC in the adult flies that were fed with VB indicated a low metabolism of this compound, which explains the absence of genotoxicity. CA decreased the spontaneous frequencies of small and total spots and showed putative toxicity in the ST cross.
毛蕊花糖苷（VB）是从醉鱼草属植物中分离出的苯丙素类化合物，其中一些原产于墨西哥，于 16 世纪首次在墨西哥传统医学的抄本中描述。VB 存在于醇提取物中，在墨西哥北部被广泛用作防晒霜。VB 吸收 UVA 和 UVB 辐射，具有高抗氧化和抗炎能力。VB 及其组成的咖啡酸（CA）被筛选出来，以确定其在果蝇翅斑试验中的遗传毒性活性。分别用标准（ST）和高生物转化（HB）杂交的第三龄幼虫（72±4 h）进行暴露，其分别具有调节和高水平的细胞色素 P450s（Cyp450s），暴露于 VB 或 CA（0、27、57、81、135 和 173 mM）。在这两种杂交中，VB 在测试的任何浓度下均无遗传毒性。用 HPLC 测定喂食 VB 的成虫中的 VB 残留量表明该化合物的代谢率较低，这解释了其无遗传毒性的原因。CA 降低了 ST 杂交中自发小斑和总斑的频率，并显示出潜在的毒性。
