在越南观测到的福岛第一核电站事故释放的大气放射性核素。
Atmospheric radionuclides from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear reactor accident observed in Vietnam.
机构信息
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
出版信息
J Environ Radioact. 2012 Sep;111:53-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.11.018. Epub 2011 Dec 24.
Radionuclides from the reactor accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant were observed in the surface air at stations in Hanoi, Dalat, and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in Vietnam, about 4500 km southwest of Japan, during the period from March 27 to April 22, 2011. The maximum activity concentrations in the air measured at those three sites were 193, 33, and 37 μBq m(-3) for (131)I, (13)(4)Cs, and (13)(7)Cs, respectively. Peaks of radionuclide concentrations in the air corresponded to arrival of the air mass from Fukushima to Vietnam after traveling for 8 d over the Pacific Ocean. Cesium-134 was detected with the (134)Cs/(137)Cs activity ratio of about 0.85 in line with observations made elsewhere. The (131)I/(137)Cs activity ratio was observed to decrease exponentially with time as expected from radioactive decay. The ratio at Dalat, where is 1500 m high, was higher than those at Hanoi and HCMC in low lands, indicating the relative enrichment of the iodine in comparison to cesium at high altitudes. The time-integrated surface air concentrations of the Fukushima-derived radionuclides in the Southeast Asia showed exponential decrease with distance from Fukushima.
2011 年 3 月 27 日至 4 月 22 日，在距日本约 4500 公里的越南首都河内、大叻和胡志明市（HCMC）的站台上观察到来自福岛第一核电站反应堆事故的放射性核素。在这三个地点测量的空气中的最大活度浓度分别为（131）I、（13）（4）Cs 和（13）（7）Cs 的 193、33 和 37 μBq m（-3）。空气中放射性核素浓度的峰值与福岛核事故后 8 天经过太平洋传播到越南的空气团到达时间相对应。铯-134 的（134）Cs/（137）Cs 活度比约为 0.85，与其他地方的观测结果一致。（131）I/（137）Cs 活度比随着时间的推移呈指数下降，这与放射性衰变的预期一致。位于海拔 1500 米的大叻的比值高于低地的河内和胡志明市，表明与铯相比，碘在高海拔地区相对富集。来自福岛的放射性核素在东南亚的地表空气中的时间积分浓度随距离福岛的增加呈指数下降。
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