Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
J Exp Bot. 2012 Feb;63(4):1525-42. doi: 10.1093/jxb/err394. Epub 2011 Dec 26.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the established and emerging roles that organelles play in calcium signalling. The function of calcium as a secondary messenger in signal transduction networks is well documented in all eukaryotic organisms, but so far existing reviews have hardly addressed the role of organelles in calcium signalling, except for the nucleus. Therefore, a brief overview on the main calcium stores in plants-the vacuole, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the apoplast-is provided and knowledge on the regulation of calcium concentrations in different cellular compartments is summarized. The main focus of the review will be the calcium handling properties of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Recently, it became clear that these organelles not only undergo calcium regulation themselves, but are able to influence the Ca(2+) signalling pathways of the cytoplasm and the entire cell. Furthermore, the relevance of recent discoveries in the animal field for the regulation of organellar calcium signals will be discussed and conclusions will be drawn regarding potential homologous mechanisms in plant cells. Finally, a short overview on bacterial calcium signalling is included to provide some ideas on the question where this typically eukaryotic signalling mechanism could have originated from during evolution.
这篇综述全面介绍了细胞器在钙信号中的既定和新兴作用。钙作为信号转导网络中的第二信使，在所有真核生物中都有很好的记录，但到目前为止，除了细胞核外，现有的综述几乎没有涉及细胞器在钙信号中的作用。因此，本文提供了植物中主要钙库（液泡、内质网和质外体）的简要概述，并总结了不同细胞区室中钙浓度调节的知识。综述的重点将是叶绿体、线粒体和过氧化物酶体的钙处理特性。最近，人们清楚地认识到，这些细胞器不仅自身经历钙调节，而且能够影响细胞质和整个细胞的 Ca(2+)信号通路。此外，还将讨论动物领域最近的发现对细胞器钙信号调节的相关性，并就植物细胞中潜在的同源机制得出结论。最后，还包括对细菌钙信号的简要概述，以提供一些关于这个典型的真核信号机制在进化过程中可能起源于何处的想法。
