Qiao M, Gowans E J, Bailey S E, Jilbert A R, Burrell C J
Division of Medical Virology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia.
Virus Res. 1990 Aug;17(1):3-13. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(90)90076-n.
A radioimmunoassay was developed to detect duck hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antibody; viraemia (DHBV DNA or DHBsAg) was detected in all ducks inoculated within 3 weeks post-hatch, and persistent infection developed in 93% of birds in this group. In contrast, only 80% and 60% of ducks inoculated 4- and 6-weeks post-hatch respectively developed viraemia, and approximately 70% of the viraemic ducks became carriers. Markers of viraemia were undetected in ducks inoculated 8 weeks post-hatch and in uninfected controls. A typical anti-DHBs seroconversion developed subsequently in 2 of 4 birds that showed transient viraemia, and antibody also developed in 3 of 7 ducks inoculated 4-8 weeks post-hatch that showed no viraemia. However, gene amplification by the polymerase chain reaction demonstrated DHBV DNA in ducks from the latter group suggesting that the antibody did not result from passive vaccination. Thus, increased resistance to infection develops with increasing age that may be related to several factors including host immunity. This model may help elucidate similar age-related features of human hepatitis B virus infections.
已开发出一种放射免疫测定法来检测鸭乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和抗体；在孵化后3周内接种的所有鸭子中均检测到病毒血症（鸭乙型肝炎病毒DNA或鸭乙型肝炎表面抗原），该组中93%的禽类发生了持续感染。相比之下，分别在孵化后4周和6周接种的鸭子中，只有80%和60%出现了病毒血症，并且约70%的病毒血症鸭子成为了携带者。在孵化后8周接种的鸭子和未感染的对照组中未检测到病毒血症标志物。4只出现短暂病毒血症的禽类中有2只随后出现了典型的抗鸭乙型肝炎表面抗原血清转化，在孵化后4 - 8周接种且未出现病毒血症的7只鸭子中有3只也产生了抗体。然而，通过聚合酶链反应进行的基因扩增表明，后一组鸭子中存在鸭乙型肝炎病毒DNA，这表明抗体并非来自被动免疫接种。因此，随着年龄增长，对感染的抵抗力增强，这可能与包括宿主免疫在内的多种因素有关。该模型可能有助于阐明人类乙型肝炎病毒感染中类似的年龄相关特征。
