Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
Ambio. 2011 Dec;40(8):836-56. doi: 10.1007/s13280-011-0207-8.
Recovery from anthropogenic acidification in streams and lakes is well documented across the northern hemisphere. In this study, we use 1996-2009 data from the four Swedish Integrated Monitoring catchments to evaluate how the declining sulfur deposition has affected sulfate, pH, acid neutralizing capacity, ionic strength, aluminum, and dissolved organic carbon in soil water, groundwater and runoff. Differences in recovery rates between catchments, between recharge and discharge areas and between soil water and groundwater are assessed. At the IM sites, atmospheric deposition is the main human impact. The chemical trends were weakly correlated to the sulfur deposition decline. Other factors, such as marine influence and catchment features, seem to be as important. Except for pH and DOC, soil water and groundwater showed similar trends. Discharge areas acted as buffers, dampening the trends in streamwater. Further monitoring and modeling of these hydraulically active sites should be encouraged.
在整个北半球，溪流和湖泊中人为酸化的恢复情况已有大量记录。在这项研究中，我们使用了来自瑞典四个综合监测集水区的 1996-2009 年的数据，评估了硫沉降减少如何影响土壤水中的硫酸盐、pH 值、酸中和能力、离子强度、铝和溶解有机碳，以及地下水和径流水。评估了集水区之间、补给区和排泄区之间以及土壤水和地下水之间的恢复速率差异。在 IM 站点，大气沉降是主要的人为影响。化学趋势与硫沉积减少的相关性较弱。其他因素，如海洋影响和集水区特征，似乎同样重要。除 pH 值和 DOC 外，土壤水和地下水显示出相似的趋势。排泄区充当缓冲器，减缓了河流水的趋势。应鼓励进一步监测和模拟这些水力活跃的地点。
