Centre de Genetique Moleculaire, CGM-CNRS-UPR3404, Avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2012 Jan 1;17(3):1020-34. doi: 10.2741/3971.
Dividing cells have mechanisms to ensure that their genomes are faithfully segregated into daughter cells. In bacteria, the description of these mechanisms has been considerably improved in the recent years. This review focuses on the different aspects of bacterial chromosome segregation that can be understood thanks to the studies performed with model organisms: Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Caulobacter crescentus and Vibrio cholerae. We describe the global positionning of the nucleoid in the cell and the specific localization and dynamics of different chromosomal loci, kinetic and biophysic aspects of chromosome segregation are presented. Finally, a presentation of the key proteins involved in the chromosome segregation is made.
分裂的细胞有机制来确保它们的基因组被忠实地分配到子细胞中。近年来，细菌中这些机制的描述得到了极大的改善。这篇综述集中于细菌染色体分离的不同方面，这些方面可以通过对模型生物的研究来理解：大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、新月柄杆菌和霍乱弧菌。我们描述了核体在细胞中的全局定位，以及不同染色体位点的特定定位和动态，呈现了染色体分离的动力学和生物物理方面。最后，介绍了参与染色体分离的关键蛋白。
