Auvray Malika, Hoellinger Thomas, Hanneton Sylvain, Roby-Brami Agnes
Laboratory of Neurophysics and Physiology, CNRS UMR 8119, University Paris Descartes, France.
Perception. 2011;40(9):1081-103. doi: 10.1068/p6879.
Across five experiments, we investigated the parameters involved in the observation and in the execution of the action of lifting an object. The observers were shown minimal information on movements, consisting of either the working-point displacement only (ie two points representing the hand and object) or additional configural information on the kinematics of the trunk, shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand, joined by a stick diagram. Furthermore, displays showed either a participant's own movements or those of another person, when different weights were lifted. The participants' task was to estimate the weight of the lifted objects. The results revealed that, although overall performance was not dependent on the visual conditions (working point versus stick diagram) or ownership conditions (self versus other), the kinematic cues used to perform the task differed as a function of these conditions. In addition, the kinematic parameters relevant for action observation did not match those relevant for action execution. This was confirmed in experiments by using artificially altered movement samples, where the variations in critical kinematic variables were manipulated separately or in combination. We discuss the implications of these results for the roles of motor simulation and visual analysis in action observation.
在五项实验中，我们研究了观察和执行举起物体动作所涉及的参数。向观察者展示的关于动作的信息极少，仅包括工作点位移（即代表手和物体的两个点）或通过线条图呈现的关于躯干、肩部、手臂、前臂和手部运动学的额外构型信息。此外，当举起不同重量的物体时，显示屏展示的要么是参与者自己的动作，要么是另一个人的动作。参与者的任务是估计举起物体的重量。结果表明，尽管总体表现并不取决于视觉条件（工作点与线条图）或所有权条件（自我与他人），但用于执行任务的运动学线索会因这些条件而有所不同。此外，与动作观察相关的运动学参数与动作执行相关的参数并不匹配。这在使用人工改变的运动样本的实验中得到了证实，其中关键运动学变量的变化是分别或组合进行操纵的。我们讨论了这些结果对运动模拟和视觉分析在动作观察中的作用的影响。
